Psychology of Drug Use and Behavior
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Questions and Answers

Which model of drug-taking behavior emphasizes the importance of impaired control over drug use?

  • Disease model (correct)
  • Incentive sensitization theory
  • Positive reinforcement model
  • Hedonic dysregulation

What is a key characteristic of the positive reinforcement model of drug use?

  • Dependence on physical symptoms
  • Self-destructive tendencies
  • Increased sensitivity to drug cues (correct)
  • Focus on moral implications of use

Which neurotransmitter system is most likely affected when a substance exhibits agonistic actions?

  • Exciting neurotransmitters (correct)
  • Inhibiting neurotransmitters
  • Vasopressin system
  • Endogenous opioids

What differentiates ionotropic receptors from metabotropic receptors in the context of substance binding?

<p>Ionotropic receptors lead to faster responses compared to metabotropic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tolerance is observed when increased drug use is needed to achieve the same effect due to the body's adaptation?

<p>Chronic tolerance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the relationship between positive reinforcement and drug-taking behavior?

<p>Positive reinforcement can explain drug-taking behavior in the absence of physiological dependence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the principles of classical and operant conditioning apply to drug-taking behavior?

<p>Reinforcing effects of drugs can be paired with other stimuli through conditioning. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do neurotransmitters play in the motivational circuit related to reinforcement?

<p>Neurotransmitters activate the motivational circuits and influence behavior likelihood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what manner does the concept of 'incentive salience' relate to reinforcement and motivation?

<p>'Incentive salience' encompasses both natural and acquired motivations that activate behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is correct regarding conditioned compensatory responses?

<p>Conditioned compensatory responses can enhance the effects of a drug when paired with specific cues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Disease Model of Addiction

Addiction is a chronic disease characterized by compulsive and self-destructive drug use.

Physical Dependence Model

Addiction arises from the body's adaptation to a drug, leading to withdrawal symptoms when the drug is stopped.

Hedonic Dysregulation

Addiction occurs when individuals use drugs to regulate negative emotions or seek pleasure.

Positive Reinforcement Model

Drug use is reinforced by the pleasurable effects of the drug, leading to repeated use.

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Incentive Sensitization Theory

Drug use progressively increases the desire for the drug, even after the initial pleasurable effects have diminished.

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Circularity in drug reinforcement

Drug use is positively reinforcing because it increases drug use, but the positive reinforcement itself doesn't fully explain drug use.

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Classical/Operant conditioning in drug use

Drug use is governed by learning mechanisms like pairing with other stimuli, having extinction phases, and operating under schedules, and is related to aversive stimuli/ learned avoidance.

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Positive Reinforcement & Neurobiology

Positive reinforcers activate the brain's motivational circuits, potentially increasing the likelihood of behavior repetition.

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Motivational/Reinforcement Circuit

Brain circuits that regulate wanting and drive behaviors. Activity is linked to neurotransmitters.

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Incentive Salience

A natural or acquired value placed on a stimulus. Related to 'wanting' aspects of motivation.

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