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Questions and Answers
What is the primary psychosocial challenge during middle adulthood according to Erikson's theory?
Which developmental stage is associated with the challenge of individuality versus sociability?
What key area of development is often challenged by peer pressure during adolescence?
Which factor is likely to impact the contemporary experience of adolescence as discussed in the content?
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What is a potential psychosocial outcome of parental disengagement during adolescence?
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Who is recognized as the ‘father of adolescent psychology’ and what term did he use to describe adolescence?
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What initiates the process of puberty?
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Recent studies in South Africa indicate which group is most at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS?
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How does the physical experience of aging in adulthood differ among socio-economic groups?
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What does senescence refer to in the context of aging?
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According to Piaget, what cognitive capability distinguishes an adolescent's thinking?
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What is the implication of fluid intelligence throughout adulthood?
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What is the nature of personal myths among adolescents?
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Study Notes
Adolescence
- G. Stanley Hall is considered the “father of adolescent psychology” and coined the phrase “storm and stress” to describe adolescence.
- Puberty is marked by hormonal changes leading to internal and external bodily changes.
- Adolescents are at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS, specifically women in young adulthood in South Africa.
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Cognitive Development:
- Piaget describes adolescents as capable of formal operational thinking which allows for abstract, idealistic, and logical thinking.
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Identity Development:
- Erik Erikson suggests identity versus identity confusion as the key challenge during adolescence (5th stage of development).
Adulthood
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Physical Development:
- Physical changes in middle-late adulthood often appear earlier in lower-income, unskilled workers compared to higher-income professionals.
- Senescence refers to the decline in bodily systems during late adulthood.
- Fluid intelligence declines throughout adulthood, while crystallized intelligence remains stable.
- Personal myths are adolescents’ fantasies about being unique and special.
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Middle Adulthood:
- Generativity versus Stagnation is the key psychosocial challenge in middle adulthood (according to Erik Erikson).
- Middle adulthood involves striking a balance between generativity (contributing to society) and self-absorption or stagnation.
- The stage involves integrating life experiences and confronting missed opportunities.
- HIV/AIDS impacts adolescents by creating anxieties about the future and influencing sexual behavior.
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Gender and Sexual Identity:
- Adolescence is a critical time for developing gender and sexual identity.
- The development of a sense of self as a man or woman varies across communities and is shaped by surrounding cultural and social factors.
Health and Mortality
- Early, middle, and late adulthood have varying health risks.
- Poor health and mortality in adulthood are associated with factors like lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare.
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Cognitive and Intellectual Development:
- Cognitive and intellectual abilities develop throughout adulthood, with variations in individual experiences, skills, and opportunities.
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HIV/AIDS Pandemic:
- The HIV/AIDS pandemic significantly impacts the roles and responsibilities of adults, affecting family structures, socioeconomic factors, and overall community health.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of adolescent and adult psychology in this quiz. Learn about G. Stanley Hall's 'storm and stress', cognitive development stages by Piaget, and Erikson's identity crisis theory. Additionally, discover the physical changes that accompany adulthood and late adulthood.
