Questions and Answers
What does adjustment mean in psychology and how is it determined in individuals?
Adjustment is defined as coping with everyday problems. It can be determined by viewing if someone has their life in balance or not.
Identify the different types of internal and external change that humans experience.
External changes include muscle growth, age, height, and weight. Internal changes include brain maturity, perception, and adaptation to change based on internal view.
Describe various ways that individuals perceive change.
Some view stress as being stressful and fight against it if it is unplanned. Planned changes are in one's control, so a person may view the problem optimistically.
Discuss the two traditions in psychology that influence the study of adjustment.
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Summarize the approach of interdisciplinary psychology.
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What is adjustment and what complexities may be involved in determining it?
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Define goodness of fit. How does it relate to the topic of adjustment?
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What does the positive life experience approach to adjustment contribute?
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Give an example of mind-body health linkage. How have you seen this applied in your life?
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Discuss two ways to classify and consider change.
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Describe the various perceptions of change.
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Think of a major change you experienced in your life. What was your perception of this change?
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What are the advantages of an interdisciplinary approach?
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Define psychoeducation.
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Which two chapters interested you the most and why?
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Define adjustment.
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Define autonomic nervous system.
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Define competent individual.
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Define context.
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Define ecological.
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Define general adaptation syndrome.
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Define goodness of fit.
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Study Notes
Adjustment in Psychology
- Adjustment is the process of coping with everyday challenges and stressors.
- Determined by the balance an individual maintains in various aspects of life.
Internal and External Changes
- External changes: associated with physical developments such as muscle growth, aging, height, and weight.
- Internal changes: relate to mental developments including brain maturity and perceptions, influencing adaptation to change.
Perception of Change
- Stressful and unplanned changes often provoke defensive reactions, while planned changes are usually met with a more optimistic outlook.
Influential Traditions in Psychology
- Two main traditions impacting the study of adjustment: interdisciplinary approaches that integrate multiple fields, and psychoeducation focusing on thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
Interdisciplinary vs. Psychoeducation
- Interdisciplinary: merges insights from various fields to enhance understanding of adjustment.
- Psychoeducation: explores the interactions between cognition, emotion, and behavior in response to issues.
Complexities of Adjustment
- Adjustment involves navigating everyday stressors and gradually reframing challenges as manageable situations.
Goodness of Fit
- Defined as the alignment between behavioral responses and contextual demands.
- Examines how habitual behaviors correlate with an individual's adjustment to different circumstances.
Positive Life Experience Approach
- Emphasizes the importance of cultivating positive habits, contributing to overall well-being and resilience in the face of challenges.
Mind-Body Health Linkage
- Illustrates that physical well-being, such as quality of sleep, significantly impacts mental health, with long-lasting effects from poor physical choices.
Classifying Change
- Change classification can focus on human development stages or societal shifts experienced collectively.
Perceptions of Change
- Individuals can view change as either a stressor, a positive or negative experience, based on planning or randomness, with the salutogenic approach indicating a constructive acceptance of change.
Personal Experience with Major Change
- Example of a military discharge resulting in unpredictability and emotional distress due to lack of planning.
Advantages of Interdisciplinary Approach
- Offers a broad view of issues by incorporating diverse academic perspectives, resulting in a more comprehensive understanding.
Definition of Psychoeducation
- Engages with how thoughts, behaviors, and emotional reactions interact with various challenges.
Interest in Subsequent Chapters
- Chapter 13 stands out for its focus on coping strategies for inevitable life changes.
Overview of Key Definitions
- Adjustment: The ability to cope effectively with everyday stress.
- Autonomic Nervous System: The part of the nervous system responsible for involuntary functions.
- Competent Individual: Someone adept at adapting to various situations, irrespective of age.
- Context: The circumstances surrounding an event or behavior.
- Ecological: Pertaining to the relationships between living organisms and their environments.
- General Adaptation Syndrome: A model describing the body's physiological response to stress.
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Description
Discover the key concepts of adjustment in psychology through these flashcards. Learn about the definition of adjustment, how it is assessed, and the various types of internal and external changes that individuals experience. A great resource for psychology students and anyone interested in mental wellness.