Questions and Answers
A child's realization that others may have beliefs that the child knows to be false best illustrates the development of:
According to Piaget, schemas are:
Maturation refers to:
Which of the following represents the correct order of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
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Infants develop a fear of strangers at about 8 months of age because they can't assimilate unfamiliar faces into their:
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Which of the following factors contributed most positively to the development of secure attachment between human infants and their mothers?
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A mother who is slow in responding to her infant's cries of distress is most likely to encourage:
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Evidence that easy, relaxed infants develop secure attachments more readily than difficult, emotionally intense babies would illustrate the importance of:
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Marlys is a sensitive, responsive parent who consistently satisfies the needs of Sara, her infant daughter. According to Erikson, Sara is likely to:
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In a British study following over 7000 people from birth to adulthood, those individuals whose fathers were most involved in parenting tended to demonstrate greater:
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One study found that English-speaking adults could relearn subtle sound contrasts in the Hindu or Zulu they had spoken as children even though they had no ___ the Hindu or Zulu language they had once spoken.
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Parents who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to be:
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A failure to practice important motor skills can result in a loss of agility because unused neural connections:
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Providing children with a safe haven in times of stress contributes most directly to:
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Nageeb thought all nurses were young females until a middle-aged male nurse took care of him. His altered conception of a 'nurse' illustrates the process of:
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Unlike ducklings, children do not imprint their fondness for certain people; however, this fondness is fostered by:
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Study Notes
Theory of Mind
- A child's understanding that others can have beliefs different from their own demonstrates the development of theory of mind.
Piaget's Schema
- Schemas are conceptual frameworks utilized to interpret and organize experiences, according to Piaget.
Maturation
- Refers to biological growth processes that occur with minimal influence from experience.
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
- The correct order of Piaget's cognitive development stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.
Fear of Strangers
- Infants typically develop a fear of strangers around 8 months due to their inability to incorporate unfamiliar faces into their schemas.
Secure Attachment
- Responsive parenting significantly promotes secure attachment between infants and mothers.
Insecure Attachment
- A mother who is slow to respond to her infant's distress may foster insecure attachment behavior.
Temperament
- Infants with easy, laid-back temperaments are more likely to develop secure attachments compared to difficult, highly emotional babies.
Basic Trust Development
- According to Erikson, sensitive and responsive parenting leads infants to develop a lifelong attitude of basic trust toward the world.
Importance of Father Involvement
- A British study found that greater paternal involvement is related to enhanced academic achievement in children.
Language and Memory
- Adults can relearn sound contrasts from languages they spoke as children, even without conscious memory of those languages.
Authoritative Parenting
- Parents who possess a balance of demandingness and sensitivity are classified as authoritative.
Neural Connections
- Failure to practice motor skills results in the pruning of unused neural connections, leading to a loss of agility.
Secure Attachment and Stress
- Providing children a safe refuge during times of stress fosters secure attachment.
Accommodation
- Nageeb's changed perception of a "nurse" after encountering a male nurse illustrates the process of accommodation.
Mere Exposure Effect
- Unlike ducklings, children do not imprint but develop affinities for certain individuals through mere exposure.
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Description
Test your understanding of key concepts in Psychology Module 14 with these flashcards. Each card highlights important theories and terms relevant to child development and cognitive psychology, such as 'theory of mind' and Piaget's schemas. Challenge your knowledge and reinforce your learning in this engaging format.
