Psychology: Identity and Intimacy Stages

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Questions and Answers

What is necessary for adolescents to achieve a strong sense of identity?

Complete dependence on parental guidance

An absence of personal values

Independence through decision-making (correct)

Unconditional parental control

What can result from nonachievement in identity development?

Feelings of self-doubt and confusion (correct)

Strong personal values

A clear understanding of personal goals

High self-confidence

Which parenting approach can hinder the development of independence in adolescents?

Providing emotional support

Permitting decision-making opportunities

Encouraging risk-taking behaviors

Discouragement of independence (correct)

What is the primary objective during the stage of intimacy versus isolation in young adulthood?

To form lasting relationships and commitments Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of achieving intimacy in relationships?

Commitment and mutual respect Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following could indicate failure in forming lasting relationships during young adulthood?

Frequent changes in jobs Signup and view all the answers

What could contribute to the unresolved task of intimacy versus isolation?

Absence of love during formative years Signup and view all the answers

What underlying fear may affect an adolescent's transition into adulthood?

Fear of assuming independence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary task during the childhood stage of development according to Sullivan's theory?

Experiencing a delay in personal gratification Signup and view all the answers

In early adolescence, what significant relationship focus emerges?

Development of lasting opposite-sex relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental focus is highlighted during late adolescence?

Establishing self-identity and intimate relationships Signup and view all the answers

How does Sullivan's interpersonal theory relate to nursing practice?

It emphasizes relationship building as integral to therapeutic interventions Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of identity formation in early adolescence according to Sullivan’s interpersonal theory?

Identifying with opposite-sex peers Signup and view all the answers

What developmental task is associated with the juvenile stage of Sullivan's theory?

Forming satisfactory peer relationships Signup and view all the answers

What significant event is expected during late adolescence?

Establishing lasting intimate relationships Signup and view all the answers

During which stage is relief from anxiety primarily achieved through oral gratification?

Infancy stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary developmental task during the 3 to 6 years stage?

Initiating and directing one's own activities Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome indicates successful resolution of the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage?

Developing a sense of self-confidence Signup and view all the answers

What aspect defines the Generativity vs. Stagnation stage in adulthood?

Achieving life goals while considering future generations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage in young adulthood?

Forming intense relationships or commitments Signup and view all the answers

In the Ego Integrity vs. Despair stage, what does a positive resolution involve?

Achieving a sense of self-worth despite life's challenges Signup and view all the answers

What results from parents setting unrealistic expectations during the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage?

Feelings of being controlled and low self-confidence Signup and view all the answers

What does the stage of Transcendence involve for individuals aged 80 and older?

Developing a personal sense of meaning that transcends oneself Signup and view all the answers

Which stage focuses on the development of conscience and control of impulsive behaviors?

Initiative vs. Guilt Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Identity Versus Role Confusion: 12 to 18 Years

Identity is achieved when adolescents are allowed to experience independence by making decisions that influences their lives
Parents should be available for support, but relinquish control to the maturing individual
Nonachievement leads to self-consciousness, doubt and confusion about one's role in life

Intimacy Versus Isolation: 20 to 30 Years

Objective is to form a lasting relationship or commitment
Achievement enables capacity for mutual love, respect, and commitment
Nonachievement results in withdrawal, social isolation, and inability to form lasting relationships

Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt: 18 Months to 3 Years

Major task is to gain self-control within the environment
Achievement results in self-control, ability to delay gratification, and self-confidence
Nonachievement leads to lack of self-confidence, lack of pride in ability to perform, a sense of being controlled, and rage against the self

Initiative Versus Guilt: 3 to 6 Years

The goal is to develop a sense of purpose
Achievement results in the ability to exercise restraint and self-control
Nonachievement leads to feelings of inadequacy and guilt

Late Adolescence: 14 to 21 Years

Characterized by tasks associated with the attempt to achieve interdependence and form a lasting relationship
Genital organs are the focus of this stage

Relevance of Interpersonal Theory to Nursing Practice

Relationship development is fundamental to psychiatric nursing interventions
Nurses develop relationships with patients to help them interact successfully with others
Understanding anxiety and methods to alleviate it help nurses assist patients in achieving interpersonal security
Nurses use Sullivan's concepts to help patients achieve greater independence and interpersonal functioning

Stages of Development in Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory

Infancy (Birth - 18 months): Relief from anxiety through oral gratification
Childhood (18 months - 6 years): Learning to experience a delay in personal gratification without anxiety
Juvenile (6 - 9 years): Learning to form satisfactory peer relationships
Preadolescence (9 - 12 years): Learning to form satisfactory relationships with same-sex individuals, initiating feelings of affection
Early Adolescence (12 - 14 years): Learning to form satisfactory relationships with opposite-sex individuals, developing a sense of identity
Late Adolescence (14 - 21 years): Establishing self-identity, experiencing satisfying relationships, working to develop a lasting, intimate opposite-sex relationship

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Description

This quiz explores key developmental stages in psychology, focusing on identity versus role confusion in adolescence and intimacy versus isolation in young adulthood. It also examines autonomy versus shame in early childhood. Test your understanding of these crucial concepts in human development.