Psychology - Freud & Behavioral Perspectives

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Questions and Answers

Which of these options are correct regarding the main perspectives of personality theory? (Select all that apply)

Humanistic perspective (correct)

Trait perspective (correct)

Psychoanalytic perspective (correct)

Behaviorist perspective (correct)

What does the Psychoanalytic perspective focus on?

the role of the unconscious mind in personality development

What does the Behaviorist perspective emphasize?

the effect of the environment on behavior

What is the focus of the Humanistic perspective?

the role of conscious life experiences and choices in personality development Signup and view all the answers

What does the Trait perspective concentrate on?

the characteristics themselves Signup and view all the answers

How many parts did Freud believe the mind was divided into?

3 parts Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of the mind according to Freud?

conscious mind, preconscious mind, unconscious mind Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of the conscious mind?

all the things a person is aware of at any given moment in time Signup and view all the answers

The conscious mind is similar to which memory?

short-term memory Signup and view all the answers

What does the preconscious mind contain?

info, events, concerns, and thoughts a person is not currently aware of Signup and view all the answers

Pieces of the preconscious mind can be brought into _____ mind when needed.

conscious Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the unconscious mind according to Freud?

to remain hidden and surface in symbolic forms like dreams Signup and view all the answers

Which part did Freud believe determined human behavior and personality?

unconscious mind Signup and view all the answers

How many parts can personality be divided into according to Freud?

3 parts Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts personality could be divided into?

id, superego, ego Signup and view all the answers

What defines the id in Freud's theory?

the primitive part of personality Signup and view all the answers

What demands does the id make?

demands for immediate satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is libido?

instinctual energy that might conflict with societal standards Signup and view all the answers

What happens when someone has a high libido?

it leads to unpleasant feelings and needs to be reduced Signup and view all the answers

What is the pleasure principle?

the desire for immediate gratification of needs without regard for consequences Signup and view all the answers

What role does the superego play in personality?

it serves as the moral center Signup and view all the answers

What restrictions does the superego impose?

restrictions on how demands of the id can be met Signup and view all the answers

How many parts does the superego consist of?

2 parts Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of the superego?

ego ideal and conscience Signup and view all the answers

What is the ego ideal?

having or showing a feeling of vague or regretful longing Signup and view all the answers

What does conscience entail?

the part of personality that makes people feel pride or guilt Signup and view all the answers

What is the ego?

the conscious part of personality Signup and view all the answers

What does the ego come up with?

a plan that satisfies both the id and the superego Signup and view all the answers

On what principle does the ego work?

reality principle Signup and view all the answers

What does the reality principle do?

denies the id its desires because of negative consequences Signup and view all the answers

What did Freud say about the development of the three parts of personality?

they develop into personality development stages Signup and view all the answers

What becomes important at each stage of personality development?

different erogenous zone Signup and view all the answers

What is an erogenous zone?

an area of the body that produces pleasurable feelings Signup and view all the answers

What are the stages of personality development according to Freud?

Oral Stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Latency, Genital Stage Signup and view all the answers

Which stage is dominated by the id?

Oral Stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the erogenous zone for the Oral Stage?

mouth Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Perspectives of Personality Theory

Four main perspectives: Psychoanalytic, Behaviorist, Humanistic, Trait.
Psychoanalytic perspective: Emphasizes the unconscious mind's role in personality development.
Behaviorist perspective: Focuses on the environment's influence on behavior.
Humanistic perspective: Centers on individual conscious experiences and choices impacting personality.
Trait perspective: Concentrates on specific characteristics of individuals.

Freud's Concept of the Mind

Freud proposed the mind is divided into three parts: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.
Conscious mind: Involves awareness of current thoughts and feelings, akin to short-term memory.
Preconscious mind: Stores information and thoughts not currently in awareness but can be accessed.
Unconscious mind: Believed to be the most critical in influencing behavior and personality, often revealing itself through dreams and unexplained actions.

Personality Structure According to Freud

Freud believed personality consists of three components: ID, Superego, and Ego.
ID: Primitive and instinctual, present at birth, it demands immediate gratification based on the pleasure principle.
Libido: Represents instinctual energy related to drives like hunger and thirst, which can conflict with societal norms.
Superego: Acts as the moral center, formed from societal rules and expectations; restricts how ID demands can be satisfied.
Superego comprises two parts: Ego ideal (aspirational standards) and Conscience (sense of guilt or pride).

The Role of the Ego

Ego: The rational part that mediates between ID's desires and Superego's moral standards, working on the reality principle.
Reality principle: Governs the Ego's negotiations to satisfy the ID's wishes while considering the real consequences.

Personality Development Stages

Freud theorized that personality develops through distinct stages, each characterized by a particular erogenous zone.
Stages of Personality Development (PDS) include: Oral Stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Latency, and Genital Stage.
Erogenous zones are specific body areas associated with pleasurable feelings that dominate each stage.

Stage-Specific Details

Oral Stage: The initial stage dominated by the ID; the mouth is the primary erogenous zone.

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Description

Explore key concepts of personality theories including the psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanistic, and trait perspectives. This quiz helps you understand how these theories explain personality development. Perfect for students studying psychology and personality theories.