Questions and Answers
Which of these options are correct regarding the main perspectives of personality theory? (Select all that apply)
What does the Psychoanalytic perspective focus on?
the role of the unconscious mind in personality development
What does the Behaviorist perspective emphasize?
the effect of the environment on behavior
What is the focus of the Humanistic perspective?
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What does the Trait perspective concentrate on?
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How many parts did Freud believe the mind was divided into?
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What are the three parts of the mind according to Freud?
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What is the definition of the conscious mind?
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The conscious mind is similar to which memory?
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What does the preconscious mind contain?
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Pieces of the preconscious mind can be brought into _____ mind when needed.
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What is the function of the unconscious mind according to Freud?
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Which part did Freud believe determined human behavior and personality?
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How many parts can personality be divided into according to Freud?
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What are the three parts personality could be divided into?
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What defines the id in Freud's theory?
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What demands does the id make?
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What is libido?
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What happens when someone has a high libido?
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What is the pleasure principle?
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What role does the superego play in personality?
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What restrictions does the superego impose?
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How many parts does the superego consist of?
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What are the two parts of the superego?
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What is the ego ideal?
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What does conscience entail?
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What is the ego?
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What does the ego come up with?
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On what principle does the ego work?
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What does the reality principle do?
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What did Freud say about the development of the three parts of personality?
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What becomes important at each stage of personality development?
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What is an erogenous zone?
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What are the stages of personality development according to Freud?
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Which stage is dominated by the id?
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What is the erogenous zone for the Oral Stage?
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Study Notes
Perspectives of Personality Theory
- Four main perspectives: Psychoanalytic, Behaviorist, Humanistic, Trait.
- Psychoanalytic perspective: Emphasizes the unconscious mind's role in personality development.
- Behaviorist perspective: Focuses on the environment's influence on behavior.
- Humanistic perspective: Centers on individual conscious experiences and choices impacting personality.
- Trait perspective: Concentrates on specific characteristics of individuals.
Freud's Concept of the Mind
- Freud proposed the mind is divided into three parts: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.
- Conscious mind: Involves awareness of current thoughts and feelings, akin to short-term memory.
- Preconscious mind: Stores information and thoughts not currently in awareness but can be accessed.
- Unconscious mind: Believed to be the most critical in influencing behavior and personality, often revealing itself through dreams and unexplained actions.
Personality Structure According to Freud
- Freud believed personality consists of three components: ID, Superego, and Ego.
- ID: Primitive and instinctual, present at birth, it demands immediate gratification based on the pleasure principle.
- Libido: Represents instinctual energy related to drives like hunger and thirst, which can conflict with societal norms.
- Superego: Acts as the moral center, formed from societal rules and expectations; restricts how ID demands can be satisfied.
- Superego comprises two parts: Ego ideal (aspirational standards) and Conscience (sense of guilt or pride).
The Role of the Ego
- Ego: The rational part that mediates between ID's desires and Superego's moral standards, working on the reality principle.
- Reality principle: Governs the Ego's negotiations to satisfy the ID's wishes while considering the real consequences.
Personality Development Stages
- Freud theorized that personality develops through distinct stages, each characterized by a particular erogenous zone.
- Stages of Personality Development (PDS) include: Oral Stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Latency, and Genital Stage.
- Erogenous zones are specific body areas associated with pleasurable feelings that dominate each stage.
Stage-Specific Details
- Oral Stage: The initial stage dominated by the ID; the mouth is the primary erogenous zone.
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Description
Explore key concepts of personality theories including the psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanistic, and trait perspectives. This quiz helps you understand how these theories explain personality development. Perfect for students studying psychology and personality theories.