Questions and Answers
What is the main idea of levels of processing theory?
If you want to remember a piece of information, you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful.
Remembering ________ is a good example of semantic memory.
what the word chocolate means
Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of ________ encoding.
Semantic
The encoding of words and their meaning is known as ________ encoding.
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Which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device?
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Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.
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What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Persistence refers to lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention.
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Remembering ________ is a good example of procedural memory.
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Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?
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How did Lashley develop the equipotentiality hypothesis?
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People may not intend to distort facts, but ________.
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Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified by Amantha left her phone somewhere but can't remember where?
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Giorgio memorizes the German poem 'The Erlking' to recite in his eighth grade German class. He remembers it well for weeks after the presentation, but gradually his ability to recite the poem fades. This is an example of ________, one of the seven sins of memory.
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Which of the following is a good example of anterograde amnesia?
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Sharmila cannot remember what she had for breakfast last week, but she can remember the day she got married ten years ago as clearly as if it just happened. This example illustrates the ________ theory.
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What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through three distinct stages: transitional memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
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What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time?
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Felipe looks over his presentation, and he notices that some of the words are written in bold and some are written in italic. His ability to remember these differences is an example of ________ encoding.
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When Benito was five he cut his leg on some glass and needed stitches. Years later, his mother tells him the scar came from being bitten by a dog. Now, when people ask about his scar, he distinctly remembers the dog biting him. This is an example of the ________.
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Which theory/hypothesis suggests that strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories, and weak emotional experiences form weak memories?
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Study Notes
Levels of Processing Theory
- Deep thinking and linking new information to existing memories enhances recall.
- More meaningful associations lead to better memory retention.
Semantic Memory
- Remembering definitions, such as the meaning of "chocolate," exemplifies semantic memory.
- Understanding the meaning of words is crucial for semantic recall.
Semantic Encoding
- Associating words with their synonyms, such as "canine" with "dog," demonstrates semantic encoding.
- The process of encoding words and their meanings is categorized as semantic encoding.
Mnemonics
- Mnemonic devices, like the acronym "HOMES" for the five Great Lakes, assist in memory retention.
Elaborative Rehearsal
- Involves contemplating the meaning of new information and connecting it to previously stored knowledge for efficient recall.
Memory Distortion
- Retrieval of memories can inadvertently combine old and new facts, leading to distortions.
Memory Failures
- Forgetting is exemplified by situations where a person cannot recall a misplaced item, indicating lapses in memory.
Transience of Memory
- Gradual fading of memories, as experienced by Giorgio with a recited poem, illustrates the concept of transience, a "sin" of memory.
Anterograde Amnesia
- An individual, like John Doe post-accident, unable to form new memories, exemplifies anterograde amnesia.
Arousal Theory
- Arousal theory highlights that stronger emotions facilitate stronger memories; for instance, the clarity of a wedding day versus a mundane breakfast.
Memory Stages
- For memory to transition to storage, it must navigate through sensory, short-term, and long-term memory stages.
Memory Encoding Types
- Visual encoding is showcased when distinguishing between bold and italicized words in a presentation.
Misinformation Effect
- Memory can be altered by external information, as illustrated by Benito’s changed recollection of a scar story.
Arousal Theory of Memory
- Strong emotions contribute to robust memory formation, while weaker experiences lead to weaker memory retention.
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Description
Test your knowledge with this set of flashcards focused on the levels of processing theory and types of memory. Each card challenges you to recall definitions and concepts in psychology. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of memory concepts.
