Psychology Ethics and Testing Standards

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Questions and Answers

What considerations should be taken into account when interpreting assessment results?

The client's age and location

The test administrator's personal views on the client

Only the client's overall test score

The validity, reliability, and appropriateness of the test (correct)

Which statement correctly describes the use of outdated test results in evaluations?

Outdated results may still be used with current norms

Outdated test results are acceptable if client consent is obtained

Outdated test results should never be the basis for interpretations (correct)

Outdated test results can provide valuable historical context

What is required before test results can be released to anyone other than the referral source?

Written permission from the client for self-referrals (correct)

Confirmation of identity of the requestor

Approval from the administering organization

Oral agreement from the client

Which aspect should be considered when selecting tests for administration?

The original copies of the test materials Signup and view all the answers

What should be included when explaining assessment results to clients or their representatives?

Non-technical language for better understanding Signup and view all the answers

What is critical to ensure when selecting assessment tools?

The relevance of the tool to the client's characteristics Signup and view all the answers

When is it acceptable to release raw test scores?

Only when regulated by the court Signup and view all the answers

What must be accounted for when administering tests related to a client’s assessment?

Cultural differences and test-taking abilities Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can confidential client information be shared with colleagues?

With the client's written consent or if the disclosure cannot be avoided Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a legitimate reason to disclose client information?

To provide insights in a seminar Signup and view all the answers

What kind of statements should announcements made about psychological products avoid?

Sensationalism and exaggeration Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in announcements for professional services?

Name, academic degrees, address, and services offered Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following constitutes a breach of confidentiality?

Sharing specific client information without consent Signup and view all the answers

When can psychological professionals use client information in publications?

With client's written consent or legal authorization Signup and view all the answers

What kind of content is inappropriate for professional announcements regarding psychological services?

Personal experiences related to the services Signup and view all the answers

How should advertisements for psychological products be crafted?

With scientifically acceptable and factual information presented professionally Signup and view all the answers

What key purpose did the committee serve in revising the Code of Ethics for Philippine psychologists?

To ensure the Code reflected modern practices in psychology. Signup and view all the answers

When was the first draft of the revised Code of Ethics presented to the PAP Board of Directors?

April 18, 2009 Signup and view all the answers

Who was appointed as the chair of the Scientific and Professional Ethics Committee in 2008?

Dr. Allan B.I. Bernardo Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the new Code was emphasized during its preparation?

Contextualizing the Code to local realities. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary influence on the committee while revising the Code of Ethics?

Existing codes from other countries. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the initial tasks the committee undertook in preparation for revising the Code?

Studying previous ethical documents related to psychology. Signup and view all the answers

What process did the complete committee engage in on February 27, 2009?

Conducting a workshop to finalize the proposed Code. Signup and view all the answers

What commitment did the PAP undertake concerning the new Code of Ethics?

To ensure comprehension and guidance for all members. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of psychometricians regarding therapy?

They are prohibited from practicing therapy unless in emergencies. Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to discuss with clients when treatment techniques are not yet established?

Potential risks and gaining consent. Signup and view all the answers

What should a therapist do if they are not fit to provide services?

Stop providing services until they are fit. Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided in the client-clinician relationship?

Multiple relationships that may affect the client. Signup and view all the answers

How should therapists handle their personal views during therapy?

They must ensure personal views do not affect therapeutic relationships. Signup and view all the answers

For how long should former therapists refrain from engaging in sexual intimacies with clients after cessation of therapy?

Two years. Signup and view all the answers

What factor must therapists consider based on different working contexts?

Beliefs, practices, and customs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices is strictly prohibited for therapists?

Engaging in sexual relationships with current clients. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance can informed consent be dispensed in research?

When there is no possibility of distress or harm to participants. Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary before recording voices or images of research participants?

Participants must be informed and agree to the recording beforehand. Signup and view all the answers

What should researchers inform clients, students, or subordinates when participation is a course requirement?

About their right to abstain from participation without penalty. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios does not require informed consent?

Collecting anonymous surveys where responses will remain confidential. Signup and view all the answers

In which case can researchers ethically ignore obtaining firm consent?

When the study involves educational practices that do not cause harm. Signup and view all the answers

What might be a reason to utilize deception in a research study?

To ensure participants are unaware of the true intentions of the study. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key ethical consideration for offering research participation incentives?

Incentives must not coerce participants into participating. Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of conducting research in a public place regarding informed consent?

Public settings eliminate the need for consent if recordings don’t reveal identities. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Advertisements and Public Statements

Psychologists must ensure any announcements they make are scientifically sound, factual, and highly professional.
They cannot exaggerate, manipulate, or present superficially the information provided in any advertisements or public statements.
There are guidelines for advertisements regarding the type of information that can be included, which could contain:
- Name
- Highest relevant academic degrees
- Certification status
- Address
- Contact numbers
- Office hours
- A brief listing of the types of psychological services or programs offered.
- This applies to announcements made through telephone listings, brochures, websites, social media, and business cards.

Assessment and Testing

Psychologists should use tests that are relevant to the purpose of the referral and assessment needs.
Psychologists must use tests that are standardized, valid, reliable, and have normative data that is relevant to their client’s population.
They should use tests that are tailored to the client’s language, competence, and other relevant characteristics.
Psychologists can only use original copies of test materials and should not use photocopies.

Interpreting Assessment Results

Psychologists should not base their interpretations, conclusions, or recommendations on outdated test results.
They should include reservations about interpretations when they have concerns about tests validity, reliability, or appropriateness.
Interpretations should consider the purpose of the test and other factors like the client’s test-taking ability, gender, characteristics, and cultural differences.

Release of Test Data

Test results and interpretations should only be released to the referral source and with a written permission from the client if it is a self-referral.
Psychologists should explain test results using non-technical language when communicating with relatives, parents, or teachers.
Results should be communicated to clients or their designated representatives, with the exception being when the relationship precludes explanation of results and it has been explained in advance to the client.

Providing Psychological Services

Psychologists should use methods and procedures that adhere to current scientific and professional advancements.
They must implement appropriate techniques and procedures that are widely recognized but not fully established.
They have a responsibility to discuss any potential risks or limitations of the treatment and to obtain informed consent from clients for their participation.
It’s important for psychologists to fully inform their clients about their rights and responsibilities during the therapeutic relationship.
If a therapist is still in training, they need to inform the client and assure them that adequate supervision will be provided.
Psychometricians are prohibited from practicing therapy, except in emergency situations.

Client’s Well-being

Psychologists have a responsibility to monitor their practice and outcomes to ensure the well-being of their clients.
They should not provide services if they are physically, mentally, or emotionally unfit to do so.
Psychologists should consider cultural beliefs, practices, and customs in different working contexts.
No recommendations or activities should be provided that cause harm to the self, others, or the environment.

Relationships

Psychologists cannot engage in client-clinician relationships for anything other than professional purposes.
They should avoid multiple relationships that could benefit or detrimentally impact their clients.
Psychologists should maintain a professional relationship with their clients and avoid emotional involvement that could be detrimental to their client’s well-being.
They should avoid bias in their therapeutic relationships based on lifestyle, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, occupation, regional group membership, beliefs, or culture.
Psychologists should avoid engaging in sexual intimacies with current therapy clients, their relatives, or significant others and should not terminate therapy as a method to circumvent this standard.
They should avoid sexual intimacies with former clients, students, and supervisees, their relatives, or significant others for at least two years after cessation of the therapeutic relationship.

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Description

This quiz covers the ethical guidelines for advertisements and public statements made by psychologists, emphasizing the importance of factual and professional communication. It also addresses the standards for assessment and testing, including the necessity for relevant, valid, and reliable testing methods.