Psychology Emotions and Feelings Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What differentiates emotions from feelings in terms of intensity?

Feelings are intense but temporary.

Emotions are low-key but sustainable.

Feelings are always intense and fleeting.

Emotions are intense but temporary. (correct)

Which dimension reflects the intensity of feelings?

Behavioral-cognitive dimension

Pleasantness-unpleasantness dimension

Tension-relaxation dimension

Excitement-numbness dimension (correct)

What is the primary focus of emotions according to their distinction from feelings?

They prepare individuals for anticipated dangers.

They establish long-term attitudes.

They provide low-key responses to stimuli.

They ensure the immediate survival of the self. (correct)

Which theory suggests that emotions are caused by bodily sensations rather than conscious experience?

James-Lange Theory Signup and view all the answers

In the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion, which part of the brain is primarily involved?

Thalamus Signup and view all the answers

What role do feelings play in establishing attitudes toward reality?

They establish long-term attitudes. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory emphasize about emotions?

Physiological arousal is combined with a cognitive interpretation. Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension relates to how the body becomes energized by a feeling?

Tension-relaxation dimension Signup and view all the answers

What are the two key components of emotions?

Physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is primarily associated with fear and pleasure processing?

Amygdala Signup and view all the answers

What does the hypothalamus regulate in relation to emotions?

Autonomic nervous system and endocrine responses Signup and view all the answers

How does the hippocampus contribute to emotional regulation?

By forming explicit memories associated with emotions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the thalamus in the context of emotions?

To relay sensory information to the brain Signup and view all the answers

Which structure plays a role in emotional conflict resolution and learning?

Cingulate Cortex Signup and view all the answers

Which brain region is involved in both processing and subjective experience of emotions?

Insular Cortex Signup and view all the answers

What does the Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion highlight?

The interaction between physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to logical thinking as emotional intensity increases?

Logical thinking decreases. Signup and view all the answers

Which bodily systems are activated in response to emotions?

Autonomic nervous system, ductless glands, and visceral organs. Signup and view all the answers

How do emotions typically affect facial expressions?

They cause facial muscles to twist and take different poses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between emotions and moods?

Emotions are short-lived responses that can influence longer-lasting moods. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic behavior linked with emotions?

Increased logical reasoning when happy. Signup and view all the answers

How are feelings defined in contrast to emotions?

Feelings are less intense but more significant and enduring. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding emotional responses?

Emotional responses can impede logical reasoning. Signup and view all the answers

What changes can occur to the voice due to emotions?

The voice may increase or decrease in volume and pitch. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'emotion' imply according to its origin in French?

To shake or stir Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a basic family of emotions according to Daniel Goleman?

Regret Signup and view all the answers

What primary component involves the brain, nervous system, and hormone secretion in emotions?

Physiological arousal Signup and view all the answers

Which emotion family includes feelings such as fury, resentment, and exasperation?

Anger Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of emotions is linked to human biological needs?

Emotions are closely related to a person’s biological needs Signup and view all the answers

What kind of emotions does the family involving feelings of joy, contentment, and euphoria represent?

Enjoyment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents behavioral reactions in the context of emotions?

Expressive and instrumental actions Signup and view all the answers

Which basic emotion is characterized by feelings of grief, sorrow, and melancholy?

Sadness Signup and view all the answers

How do cognitive processes contribute to emotions?

They help interpret emotional states through memories and expectations. Signup and view all the answers

What extreme feelings might be associated with the basic emotion of fear?

Panic and phobia Signup and view all the answers

What does interoceptive awareness primarily allow individuals to do?

Perceive and interpret signals from their own bodies Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does the fornix connect to other limbic structures?

Hippocampus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of emotional hijacking?

Temporarily overwhelms rational thought Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of emotional regulation?

Ignoring all emotional cues Signup and view all the answers

What does emotional intelligence primarily involve?

Ability to identify, assess, and manage emotions Signup and view all the answers

Which quote illustrates the importance of emotional abilities according to Daniel Goleman?

Emotional abilities determine how far you will go. Signup and view all the answers

What can emotional regulation be classified as?

Automatic or controlled, conscious or unconscious Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the process of emotional regulation?

The process of influencing which emotions are experienced Signup and view all the answers

What is cognitive reappraisal?

Evaluating a situation before making judgments about it Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy focuses on maintaining attention on specific elements of a situation?

Attentional control Signup and view all the answers

What does self-soothing primarily aim to achieve?

Regulate emotions during periods of distress Signup and view all the answers

Plutchik's Wheel of Emotions is designed to help individuals:

Identify and understand their emotional experiences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of emotional regulation strategies?

Social withdrawal Signup and view all the answers

What is suppression in the context of emotional regulation?

Masking current emotional states and denying feelings Signup and view all the answers

One of the goals of emotional regulation strategies involves learning to:

Identify and label emotions accurately Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of emotional regulation strategies?

To manage and modify emotional responses Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Emotional Self - Week 14

Intended Learning Outcomes:
- Students will demonstrate understanding of emotions and their role in shaping the emotional self, including emotional awareness, expression, and regulation.
- Students will analyze the multifaceted nature of emotions, considering cognitive, physiological, and behavioral components, and understand how emotions contribute to self-identity.

Definition: What is Emotion?

The term emotion originated from the French word emouvoir, meaning "to shake, to stir."
It is a strong mental or instinctive feeling, such as love or fear, involving bodily processes and mental states.
Emotions are typically brief, intense, and involve physiological changes (e.g., heart rate, facial expressions, hormonal secretion).

Basic Emotions

According to Daniel Goleman, there are eight basic families of emotions:
- Fear (Safety): anxiety, apprehension, nervousness, concern, consternation, misgiving, wariness, qualm, edginess, dread, fright, terror, phobia, and panic.
- Anger (Justice): fury, outrage, resentment, wrath, exasperation, indignation, vexation, acrimony, animosity, annoyance, irritability, hostility, hatred, and violence.
- Sadness (Loss): grief, sorrow, cheerlessness, gloom, melancholy, self-pity, loneliness, dejection, despair, and depression.
- Enjoyment (Gain): happiness, joy, relief, contentment, bliss, delight, amusement, pride, sensual pleasure, thrill, rapture, gratification, satisfaction, euphoria, whimsy, ecstasy, and mania.
- Love (Attraction): acceptance, friendliness, trust, kindness, affinity, devotion, adoration, infatuation, and agape.
- Disgust (Repulsion): contempt, disdain, scorn, abhorrence, aversion, distaste, and revulsion.
- Surprise (Attention): shock, astonishment, amazement, and wonder.
- Shame (Self-control): guilt, embarrassment, chagrin, remorse, humiliation, regret, mortification, and contrition.

Components of Emotions

Emotions are multifaceted, involving physiological arousal (brain, nervous system, hormones), subjective feelings, and cognitive processes (memories, perceptions, expectations, interpretations).
Behavioral reactions, both expressive and instrumental, are also important parts of emotional responses.

Characteristics of Emotions

Emotions are closely related to a person's biological needs.
Emotions occur when an individual's basic needs are hindered or satisfied.
Emotions are helpful in terms of satisfying basic needs.
Emotional intensity is inversely related to logical thinking; as emotional intensity increases, the capacity for logical thinking decreases.
Emotions often manifest in overt behaviors that are indicators of internal emotional states (e.g., anger is linked to aggressive behaviors).
Emotions trigger a range of internal activities involving the autonomic nervous system, ductless glands (endocrine system), and visceral organs.

Emotions Leave an After Feeling Called 'Mood'

Emotions are characterized by strong intensity and relatively short duration, serving as immediate responses to stimuli or situations.
The aftermath of intense emotional experiences often leaves a lasting influence on an individual's mood.

Physiological Changes in Emotions

Facial expressions (e.g., eye, lips, nose, forehead muscles) change.
Muscular adjustments throughout the body.
Gestures and hand movements.
Changes in voice (e.g., volume, pitch).

Definition: What is Feeling?

Feelings are enduring and significant experiences arising from cognitive interpretation and evaluation of emotions.
Feelings are influenced by various factors, like personal experiences, cultural norms, and individual differences.

Characteristics of Feelings

Feelings have a dimension of pleasantness or unpleasantness.
Feelings also have dimensions of excitement and numbness (intensity), and tension and relaxation (activation of the body).

Distinction Between Emotions and Feelings

Emotions are intense but temporary.
Emotions help to establish initial attitudes towards reality and alert individuals to immediate dangers.
Emotions ensure immediate survival of the self.
Feelings are low-key but sustainable, establishing long-term attitudes and alerting people to anticipated dangers.
Feelings ensure long-term survival of the self.

James-Lange Theory of Emotion: Emotions arise from bodily sensations.
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion: Emotions and bodily responses occur simultaneously in the thalamus.
Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion: Emotions require both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation.

Neuroscience of Emotions

Limbic System: A crucial brain region for emotion regulation, comprised of the thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and more.
- Thalamus: Relays sensory information, including emotional stimuli, to different brain areas.
- Amygdala: Processes fear and pleasure, and plays a role in emotional memory formation.
- Hippocampus: Involved in memory formation, influencing emotional regulation via interactions with the amygdala; helps create memories linked to emotional experiences.
- Hypothalamus: Key regulator for autonomic and endocrine systems; orchestrates physiological changes associated with emotions (heart rate, body temperature, hormone release).
- Cingulate Cortex: involved in emotional processing, conflict resolution, and emotional learning.
- Insular Cortex: associated with processing and regulating emotions. It helps with interoceptive awareness, allowing individuals to perceive their own bodies in relation to emotions such as heartbeat, respiration, and gastrointestinal sensations.
- Fornix: Fiber bundle connecting the hippocampus to other limbic structures; facilitating communication within the limbic system.

Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess, and manage one's own emotions, and the emotions of others.
Highly emotionally intelligent people understand their own emotions and those of others.

5 Components of Emotional Intelligence

Self-awareness.
Self-regulation.
Motivation.
Empathy.
Relationship management.

Emotional Regulation

Emotional regulation is the process by which individuals influence their own emotions, including when, how, and how intensely those emotions are experienced.

Three Components of Emotional Regulation

Initiating actions triggered by emotions.
Inhibiting actions triggered by emotions.
Modulating responses triggered by emotions.

Two Forms of Emotional Regulation

Cognitive reappraisal involves changes to one's perspective.
Suppression involves concealing an emotional response.

Research-Based Emotional Regulation Strategies

Reappraisal: altering one's perspective to reduce emotional intensity.
Self-soothing: techniques for calming and regulating emotional responses, particularly during stressful situations.
Attentional control: focusing on specific aspects of a situation to reduce emotional influence.

Other Emotional Regulation Strategies

Identifying and labeling emotions.
Understanding the function of emotions.
Reducing painful, negative emotions and letting go of emotional suffering.
Increasing positive emotions.

Plutchik's Wheel of Emotions (see image description for detail)

A model to understand and categorize emotions including a visual model of the interconnected degrees of emotions (e.g., joy and love overlapping).

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Description

Test your understanding of the distinctions between emotions and feelings, including their intensity and the theories that explain them. This quiz covers key concepts such as the dimensions of feelings, essential brain structures involved in emotional processing, and the roles of different components in emotions.