Psychology Disorders and Types

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of ADHD?

Internalizing Disorder

Oppositional behavior

Comorbid with anxiety and depression

Excessive levels of activity (correct)

Which disorder is often comorbid with ADHD?

Anxiety Disorder

Conduct Disorder

Substance Abuse Disorder

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (correct)

What is the primary difference between Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder?

Conduct Disorder involves criminal behavior, while ODD does not (correct)

Conduct Disorder involves delinquent behavior, while ODD involves argumentative behavior

Conduct Disorder involves substance abuse, while ODD involves anxiety

Conduct Disorder involves aggression, while ODD involves non-compliance

What is the primary characteristic of Internalizing Disorder?

Inward behaviors such as depression and anxiety Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between boys and girls with ADHD?

Boys are more likely to have externalizing behaviors, while girls are more likely to have internalizing behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary requirement for a diagnosis of ADHD?

Symptoms must be severe and persistent for at least 6 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ADHD and anxiety?

ADHD precedes anxiety Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Oppositional Defiant Disorder?

Patterns of defiant behavior Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of children and adolescents have social phobia?

1% Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals with social phobia?

Selective mutism Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents?

1% - 4% Signup and view all the answers

What is a common obsession theme in adolescents with OCD?

Thoughts about sex and religion Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of individuals with communication impairments?

Deficient use of nonverbal behaviors Signup and view all the answers

At what age do symptoms of OCD typically begin in children?

3 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is a common impairment in individuals with social phobia?

Impairment in social interaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of individuals with learning disabilities?

Delay in or lack of spoken language Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following subcategories of disorders is characterized by a lack of remorse or callousness?

Conduct Disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the outward behaviors exhibited by individuals with externalizing disorders?

Noncompliance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders is NOT a subcategory of attention disorders?

Schizophrenia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the patterns of behavior that violate social norms and the rights of others?

Conduct Disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of Conduct Disorder?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the classification and diagnosis of childhood disorders?

Developmental Psychopathology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of externalizing disorders?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the types of disorders that are characterized by outward behaviors, such as aggression and noncompliance?

Externalizing Disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ODD and ADHD?

ODD is characterized by deliberate behavior, whereas ADHD is characterized by off-task behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common anxiety disorder in children and adolescents?

Separation Anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a genetic disorder that affects the X chromosome?

Fragile X Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents?

12% - 20% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Separation Anxiety?

Worry about parental or personal safety Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a condition that can cause brain injuries?

Lead poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ODD and ADHD in terms of comorbidity?

ODD is often comorbid with anxiety, while ADHD is often comorbid with depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Fear of School?

Fear of a specific aspect of the school environment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Childhood Disorders

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Characterized by excessive levels of activity, distractibility, and difficulty concentrating
- Must be severe and persistent (at least 6 months) and impair functioning
- More common in boys
- Often comorbid with anxiety and depression
Conduct Disorder (CD)
- Patterns of engaging in behaviors that violate social norms, the rights of others, and are often illegal
- Aggression, cruelty towards other people or animals, lying, stealing, vandalism, and often accompanied by a lack of remorse or callousness
- Frequently and severely offend
- Many times first identified by the criminal justice system
- Substance abuse is common
- Comorbid with anxiety and depression
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
- Patterns of defiant behavior that do not meet the criteria for CD
- Argumentative, loses temper, lacks compliance, deliberately aggravates others, hostile, spiteful, or touchy
- Blames others for their problems
- Comorbid with ADHD, learning, and communication disorders
- Disruptive behavior of ODD more deliberate than ADHD

Anxiety Disorders

Separation Anxiety
- Worry about parental or personal safety when at school
- Fear of School, specific aspect of school environment, begins later in childhood, more severe, and pervasive avoidance
Social Phobia
- Extreme shyness and withdrawal
- May exhibit selective mutism (refusal to speak in unfamiliar social settings)
- Prevalence is 1% in children and adolescents
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Symptoms similar to adults
- Prevalence is 1% - 4%
- Contamination from dirt and germs, aggression, and thoughts about sex and religion are common themes

Other Disorders

Pervasive Developmental Disorder (Autism)
- Impairments in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors
- Impairments in social interaction: deficient use of nonverbal behaviors, poorly developed peer relationships, and lack of social-emotional reciprocity
- Impairments in communication: delay in or total lack of spoken language, difficulty initiating or sustaining conversation, and echolalia
Learning Disabilities
- No specific information provided

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Description

This quiz covers different types of psychological disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia. Identify the characteristics and subcategories of each disorder.