Psychology: Defense Mechanisms Quiz
45 Questions
7 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which defense mechanism involves adopting attitudes and behaviors opposite to one's true feelings?

  • Reaction Formation (correct)
  • Regression
  • Intellectualization
  • Rationalization

A person who claims they 'could have won the race, but their shoes were hurting' is most likely using which defense mechanism?

  • Reaction Formation
  • Rationalization (correct)
  • Denial
  • Regression

Avoiding the emotional aspect of a negative situation by focusing solely on logic is an example of which defense mechanism?

  • Denial
  • Intellectualization (correct)
  • Rationalization
  • Regression

Which of the following best describes the defense mechanism of regression?

<p>Reverting to immature patterns of behavior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pretending one does not have diabetes and continuing to consume sweets is an example of which defense mechanism?

<p>Denial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person dreams that they are at work, but everything is slightly off, and they wake up, only to find they are still in the dream. This is an example of what?

<p>False Awakening Dream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a therapy session, a client becomes angry when the therapist suggests a link between their current issues and childhood experiences. This is most likely an example of:

<p>Resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person dreams of a large, menacing wave coming towards them, but in reality, they are worried about an upcoming presentation. According to dream mechanisms, this menacing wave likely uses what?

<p>Symbolization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Someone repeatedly misplaces their keys, which always seems to happen when they are late for appointments. According to the provided content, what could this be an example of?

<p>Parapraxes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a dream, a snake appears that seems to have the feeling of both danger and transformation at the same time. This dream mechanism is an example of:

<p>Condensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After having a dream, a person consciously tries to make sense of it, creating a coherent, logical narrative from the strange images they experienced. Which dream mechanism is being described?

<p>Secondary Elaboration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person, with clear issues of self-doubt, is quick to accuse others of being insecure and oversensitive. What mechanism might explain this behavior?

<p>Projection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A dream portrays a tense argument with a fictional character, yet the dreamer recognizes the feelings are actually about their frustration with a real-life situation. Which process is at play?

<p>Displacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what do girls use to compensate for the absence of a penis?

<p>Emulating boys and masturbating their clitoris. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key criticism of Freud's perspective on women's psychology?

<p>It reflects a chauvinistic, patriarchal view of society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what is the main focus of the Latency stage?

<p>Suppressing sexual longings and learning new skills. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a key developmental task during the latency stage?

<p>Investing in non-sexual pursuits like school and hobbies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, from what does a child’s repression of sexual longings stem from?

<p>Fear of parental retaliation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Freud consider the goal of sexual instincts during the genital stage?

<p>Mates with an appropriate partner. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what characterizes a 'normal' person in terms of their abilities?

<p>One who is able to love and work. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Freud consider as a crucial prerequisite for one to love?

<p>Generosity, caring, compromising, trusting, and empathic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept did Jung introduce that is NOT a main divergence from psychoanalysis?

<p>Collective unconscious (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the split between Jung and Freud?

<p>Jung's rejection of Freud's emphasis on sexuality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a core element of Jung's perspective on the unconscious?

<p>It serves as a sophisticated guide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Jung, what primarily shapes human personality?

<p>A racial preformed and collective personality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of an individual's life did Jung emphasize as particularly important for development?

<p>Middle age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a field where Jung's work has significantly influenced?

<p>Linguistics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Jung's teleological lens add to the understanding of human motivation?

<p>It considers the influence of future goals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Jung's idea of archetypes suggest about their origin?

<p>They are ancient, universal and innate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the pendulous breasts, round buttocks, and protruding stomachs of Venus figures primarily represent?

<p>Fertility and the positive aspects of the mother archetype (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Hypogeum in Hal-Safi represent in the context of the mother archetype?

<p>The negative pole of the mother archetype, associated with death and destruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the entrance to some temples described in relation to the great mother archetype?

<p>A passage associated with the legs of the goddess, representing a devouring and encompassing aspect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The myth of Phaethon, son of the sun god, illustrates what concept in relation to archetypes?

<p>The destructive consequences of recklessness and loss of control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which archetype is NOT explicitly listed as part of the collective unconscious?

<p>The Shadow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Hero's Journey, what typically occurs after the hero faces 'Trials and Failure'?

<p>The hero undergoes growth and develops new skills as a consequence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stage in the Hero's Journey involves the hero leaving their familiar world?

<p>Crossing the Threshold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Hero's Journey, what does 'Death and Rebirth' represent?

<p>A symbolic transformation and strengthening of the hero's self (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided content, what is a primary method for identifying an individual's lifestyle?

<p>Examining their earliest recollections and memories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a maladaptive lifestyle?

<p>Strong feelings of inferiority coupled with anger and resentment towards society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the content suggest that organic inferiority can impact a person's lifestyle?

<p>It can contribute to a sense of entitlement and resentment toward society. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the role of parents and teachers in the development of lifestyle?

<p>They are major agents of early socialization, significantly influencing lifestyle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key goal of Adlerian psychotherapy, as described in the text?

<p>To help the patient overcome their inferiority complex. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'paradigm' as used in the provided material?

<p>A way of looking at something, a framework for interpreting reality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text suggest that different siblings can have different experiences and views of the same family?

<p>Each individual's subjective experience contributes to their own unique perception even within the same family environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an individual's perception impact their understanding of the world?

<p>We understand and interpret reality based on our unique perception of it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

False Awakening Dreams

Dreams where the dreamer believes they have woken up, but are still asleep.

Nightmares

Disturbing dreams that evoke strong negative emotions, often waking the dreamer.

Condensation

Combining multiple ideas, thoughts, or feelings into a single object or image in a dream.

Displacement

Disguising the true meaning of a dream, shifting emotional tone or essential aspects to the manifest content.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dramatization

Turning abstract thoughts and wishes into a narrative or story in a dream.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Symbolization

Converting latent content into symbolic images or representations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Secondary Elaboration

Making the dream coherent and meaningful by adding logical explanations and connections.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Resistances

A reaction, often oppositional, when unconscious defenses are threatened by an external source.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reaction Formation

Adopting behaviors opposite to true feelings, hiding anxiety-provoking thoughts and emotions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Regression

Reverting to childlike behaviors during stress, seeking comfort and help from others.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Denial

Blocking unpleasant realities from awareness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rationalization

Explaining away negative experiences with logical reasons, often distorting the truth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Intellectualization

Focusing on logic and reason to avoid feeling or processing negative emotions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lifestyle

A person's characteristic way of living, thinking, and behaving, shaped by their values and experiences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maladaptive Lifestyle

A pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that leads to difficulty in social relationships and personal well-being.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferiority Complex

A strong feeling of inadequacy and inferiority, often stemming from childhood experiences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Private Logic

A way of understanding and interpreting the world based on one's personal experiences and beliefs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Paradigm

A set of ideas, a framework for understanding reality within a specific field of study.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Early Socialization

The idea that early childhood experiences, especially in the family environment, play a crucial role in shaping personality and lifestyle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Adlerian Psychotherapy

A therapeutic approach that emphasizes understanding the individual's unique lifestyle and helping them overcome their inferiority complex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Assessing Private Logic

The process of identifying and addressing inaccurate or unhelpful beliefs and interpretations within one's private logic.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Penis Envy

Freud's theory that girls develop penis envy because they lack a penis and feel inferior to boys.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Latency Stage

According to Freud, the period where a child's sexual development is temporarily suppressed and they focus on social and intellectual pursuits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sublimation

A defense mechanism that involves channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Love and Work

Freud's belief that the capacity to love and work fully depends on successful resolution of earlier psychosexual stages.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Genital Stage

The final stage of psychosexual development, characterized by the emergence of mature sexual interests.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Erotic Aim Change

Freud's concept that in the Genital Stage, the goal of sexual instincts shifts from self-pleasure to finding a partner for sexual gratification.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Girls and Superego

Freud's belief that girls have a weaker superego, meaning they are less strict and moral in their development compared to boys.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oedipus Complex in Girls

Freud's theory that girls may resent their mothers due to their perceived lack of a penis, then develop an attraction to their fathers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Mother Archetype (Positive Pole)

The representation of a mother figure as a powerful and nurturing force, often associated with life-giving qualities. Exemplified by the Venus figures with pendulous breasts, round buttocks, and protruding stomachs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Mother Archetype (Negative Pole)

The representation of a mother figure as a powerful force associated with death and destruction, often associated with more negative or challenging aspects. The Hypogeum in Malta is considered a symbol of the negative pole.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Entrance Through the Legs of the Goddess

The entrance to ancient temples is often depicted through the legs of a goddess, symbolizing the all-encompassing and powerful nature of the mother archetype. This implies the mother goddess as a source of both creation and destruction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Hero's Journey Chart

An archetype that represents a hero's journey of transformation and growth, highlighting key stages that lead to self-discovery and overcoming challenges. Involves stages such as the Call to Adventure, Crossing the Threshold, Trials and Failure, and ultimately, Revelation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Hero's Journey: Start

The hero's starting point, representing their ordinary life and routine before beginning the adventure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Hero's Journey: Call to Adventure

An event that disrupts the hero's ordinary life, prompting them to embark on the journey. This event might be a challenge, a quest, or an opportunity for growth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Hero's Journey: Meeting a Mentor

A mentor or guide who helps the hero prepare for the journey by providing advice, tools, or encouragement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Hero's Journey: Crossing the Threshold

The hero leaves their familiar world and enters an unknown and often dangerous realm, marking the beginning of the transformation process.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jung's view of the unconscious

The idea that unconscious processes are not just primitive, but also act as a guide in shaping our conscious experiences and decisions. Instead of solely focusing on defense mechanisms, it emphasizes the unconscious as a source of wisdom and direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Collective Unconscious

A concept that refers to inherited, universal, and unconscious patterns of experience, thoughts, and behaviors common to all human beings. They are deep-seated psychological structures that influence our perceptions, reactions, and motivations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Teleological lens in personality development

The idea that a person's personality develops not just from childhood experiences but also from their aspirations and goals. It's a sense that people are constantly evolving, shaped both by the past and the future they are striving towards.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jung's disagreement with Freud

Jung diverged from Freud's focus on sexuality as the primary driver of behavior and emphasized the importance of spiritual growth, the search for meaning, and personal transformation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interaction between inner and outer forces

The idea that the personality is a product of both internal and external forces, including innate tendencies, cultural influences, and individual experiences. It emphasizes the complex interplay between our inner world and the external world in shaping who we are.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jung's emphasis on middle-age

Jung's idea that middle age is a crucial period for personal growth, self-discovery, and individuation. It focuses on the psychological challenges and opportunities faced by individuals during this stage of life, such as finding meaning, integrating different aspects of the self, and coming to terms with aging.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Archaic foundations of personality

The idea that personality is built upon fundamental, unconscious, and universal patterns. These patterns are deeply rooted origins of human experience, and they shape our behaviors and perceptions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cultural and Individual contributions to personality

Jung's focus on the concept of personality as a product of both innate, unconscious, and universal patterns influenced by ancestral experiences, and individual life experiences. This highlights the combined influence of cultural and personal factors on who we are.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Introduction to Psychodynamic Theory

  • Psychodynamic theory differs from psychoanalytic theory. Psychoanalytic theory focuses on early childhood experiences impacting behaviour throughout life, while psychodynamic theory focuses on resolving a patient's conflicted conscious/unconscious feelings.
  • Neo-Freudians modified Freud's psychoanalytic theory to include relational, social, and cultural aspects.
  • Key figures include Alfred Adler and Carl Jung.

The Psychodynamic Perspective

  • Focuses on the inner person, influenced by Freud and Psychoanalysis
  • Includes a Structural theory of personality/self (ID, EGO, SUPEREGO).
  • Explains the Topographical theory of personality (unconscious).
  • Explains defense mechanisms

Theory of Psychosexual Development

  • Freud's Psychosexual stages of development:
    • Oral (mouth)
    • Anal (anus)
    • Phallic (penis/clitoris)
    • Latent (little or no sexual motivation)
    • Genital (sexual intercourse)

Personality Structure

  • ID: Driven by instinct, pleasure principle.
  • EGO: Controls and reasons, reality principle.
  • SUPEREGO: Driven by right and wrong, morality principle.
  • The ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO are in constant conflict.

Instincts

  • Instincts have four qualities: source, aim, object, and impetus.
  • The aim is tension reduction.

Types of Instincts

  • Life instincts (Eros): creativity, love, survival, and procreation.
  • Death instincts (Thanatos): aggression, destruction, and returning to an inorganic state.

The Topographical Theory of Personality

  • Conscious: current thoughts and feelings
  • Preconscious: easily recalled memories
  • Unconscious: unacceptable thoughts, feelings, wishes

The Ego

  • Guides the ID.
  • Mediates between the ID and SUPEREGO
  • Reality testing, dealing with external pressures
  • Reality principle
  • Cathexis

Defense Mechanisms

  • Unconscious strategies the ego uses to reduce anxiety.
    • Displacement
    • Reaction formation
    • Sublimation
    • Projection

The Superego

  • Develops around ages 4 – 7.
  • Internalisation of parental rules & societal norms
  • Conscience/morality
  • Guilt & shame if rules are broken.

Secondary Process

  • The ego’s rational thinking to satisfy the ID’s desires in a socially acceptable way
  • The process of choosing a likely object in the environment and attaching psychic energy to it.
  • Freud conceives of psychic functioning as the flow of this energy along paths shaped by cathexis

Secondary Process - Defence Mechanisms

  • ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO
  • Unconscious strategies
  • Aiming to moderate conflict between ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO
  • Various tools for overcoming conflicts.

Secondary Process Techniques and Dream Analysis

  • The ego delays gratification to satisfy the id's needs in socially acceptable ways.
  • Dream analysis is used to understand unconscious desires, fears, or thoughts hidden in dreams.
    • Manifest content: literal content of the dream
    • Latent content: the hidden meaning behind the manifest content

Defense mechanisms

  • Used to reduce anxiety
  • Unconscious strategies
  • Examples: Displacement, Reaction formation, Sublimation

Other Concepts

  • Psychoanalysis
  • Psychosexual stages
  • Development
  • Structure (ID, EGO, SUPEREGO)
  • Topographical theory (conscious, preconscious, unconscious)
  • Defense mechanisms
  • Dream analysis
  • Identification
  • Displacement
  • Sublimation

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Psychodynamic Theory Notes PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on defense mechanisms in psychology with this engaging quiz. Explore various scenarios and identify the psychological strategies people use to cope with emotional challenges. Perfect for psychology students or anyone interested in understanding human behavior.

More Like This

Defense Mechanisms in Psychology
6 questions

Defense Mechanisms in Psychology

MasterfulViolet avatar
MasterfulViolet
Psychology of Defense Mechanisms
30 questions

Psychology of Defense Mechanisms

CharitableRooster avatar
CharitableRooster
Psikoloji: Savunma Düzenekleri
25 questions

Psikoloji: Savunma Düzenekleri

EffectiveAquamarine6013 avatar
EffectiveAquamarine6013
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser