Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true of classical conditioning?
What is the best definition of classical conditioning?
A type of learning in which a response naturally elicited by a stimulus comes to be elicited by a formerly neutral stimulus.
What is the correct order to present stimuli for classically conditioning your dog?
Neutral stimulus - unconditioned stimulus
Who is the researcher responsible for discovering classical conditioning?
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Which of the following correctly describes the process of classical conditioning?
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During the conditioning process of Pavlov's dogs, what elements did the bell and food represent?
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In Watson and Reyner's study with Little Albert, what did the white rat serve as?
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A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is ________ and thus _______ the probability of a response.
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What is a behavior that is elicited automatically by an environmental stimulus called?
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What is learned helplessness an example of?
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Suspending a basketball player for committing a flagrant foul is an example of what?
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How can punishment be best defined?
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Which scenario is the best example of a cognitive map?
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What is one major difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning?
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Study Notes
Classical Conditioning
- Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) produces Unconditioned Response (UCR) naturally.
- Classical conditioning involves learning where a response originally elicited by a natural stimulus becomes associated with a previously neutral stimulus.
- The correct order to present stimuli for conditioning includes Neutral Stimulus followed by Unconditioned Stimulus.
- Ivan Pavlov is the researcher credited with discovering classical conditioning.
- Process of classical conditioning involves pairing a stimulus that naturally causes a response with a secondary stimulus that does not.
Elements of Classical Conditioning
- In Pavlov's experiments, the bell represents the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) and the food acts as the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS).
- In John Watson's experiment with Little Albert, the white rat served as the Conditioned Stimulus.
Reinforcement and Behavior
- A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that, when removed, increases the probability of a desired response.
- Reflex behavior is automatically elicited by environmental stimuli.
Learned Experiences and Punishment
- Learned helplessness exemplifies the significant role of expectation in behavior.
- Punishment is defined as an attempt to weaken a response through the introduction of an unpleasant stimulus.
- An example of punishment is the suspension of a basketball player for a flagrant foul.
Cognitive Processes
- A cognitive map refers to an internal representation of one's environment, illustrated by a person able to recite detailed directions to a job.
- A key distinction between operant conditioning and classical conditioning is that operant conditioning occurs due to voluntary actions, while classical conditioning happens involuntarily.
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Description
Test your understanding of classical conditioning with this quiz. Explore key concepts, definitions, and examples relevant to this fundamental learning process. Perfect for psychology students seeking to reinforce their knowledge on the topic.
