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Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of Wundt's structuralism?
What is the main focus of Wundt's structuralism?
Introspection is considered a scientific method today.
Introspection is considered a scientific method today.
False
Who is known as the father of psychology?
Who is known as the father of psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
The biological approach includes the idea of __________, which claims that behaviour is predetermined by biological factors.
The biological approach includes the idea of __________, which claims that behaviour is predetermined by biological factors.
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What is one benefit of the biological approach?
What is one benefit of the biological approach?
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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The biological approach has led to the creation of psychoactive drugs.
The biological approach has led to the creation of psychoactive drugs.
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Which component of the biological approach provides internal validity?
Which component of the biological approach provides internal validity?
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Which of the following is a key mediational process identified by Bandura in social learning theory?
Which of the following is a key mediational process identified by Bandura in social learning theory?
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Behaviorism considers the influence of free will significant in determining behavior.
Behaviorism considers the influence of free will significant in determining behavior.
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What is the process of replacing a feared object with relaxation in treatment called?
What is the process of replacing a feared object with relaxation in treatment called?
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In the cognitive approach, a __________ is a package of beliefs and expectations formed from prior experiences.
In the cognitive approach, a __________ is a package of beliefs and expectations formed from prior experiences.
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Match the following concepts with the appropriate descriptions:
Match the following concepts with the appropriate descriptions:
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What ethical concern is associated with Skinner's experiments?
What ethical concern is associated with Skinner's experiments?
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The cognitive approach is criticized for being overly simplistic by comparing the brain to a computer.
The cognitive approach is criticized for being overly simplistic by comparing the brain to a computer.
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What phenomenon indicates that a person may become a role model based on shared characteristics?
What phenomenon indicates that a person may become a role model based on shared characteristics?
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The behaviorist approach is grounded in the principle of __________, focusing on observable behaviors.
The behaviorist approach is grounded in the principle of __________, focusing on observable behaviors.
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Which learning theory emphasizes learning through observation and imitation?
Which learning theory emphasizes learning through observation and imitation?
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Study Notes
Wilhelm Wundt's Contributions
- Wundt published 'Principles of Physiological Psychology' in 1873.
- He established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879.
- He is considered the "father of psychology" due to his structuralism approach.
Structuralism
- Introspection: A systematic examination of one's own conscious experiences.
- Advantages: Objective data, standardized instructions, high internal validity.
- Disadvantages: Subjective, unscientific today, self-report data.
- Assumptions: All behavior is caused (determined), and predictable.
- Elements: Sensations, emotional reactions, thoughts.
Biological Approach
- Advantages: Scientific method, high control, replicable, valid objective data, improved real-world applications (drug development for mental illness).
- Disadvantages: Deterministic view, potentially undermines legal responsibility (criminal behavior). Evolutionary explanations may overlook cultural influences.
Behaviorist Approach
- Advantages: Scientific, testable theories, objective measurements, cause-and-effect relationships.
- Real-World Application: Phobia and anxiety treatment (e.g., systematic desensitization).
- Disadvantages: Ignores free will, classical and operant conditioning cannot explain all learning types, ethical concerns (animal stress).
Social Learning Theory (SLT)
- Key Concepts: Learning through observation and imitation (modeling), vicarious reinforcement.
- Mediational Processes: Attention, retention, motor reproduction, motivation.
- Bobo Doll Experiment: Demonstrated the role of modeling in learning, influenced by observer characteristics.
- Advantages: Explains cultural differences, comprehensive view of learning.
- Disadvantages: Over-reliance on lab studies (demand characteristics), limited biological factor consideration
Cognitive Approach
- Focus: Internal mental processes, inferred from observations.
- Computer Model: Brain processes like a computer (CPU, coding, storage).
- Schema: Packages of beliefs/expectations impacting thoughts and behaviors.
- Advantages: Explains and treats mental illness (schemas), scientific approach.
- Disadvantages: Machine reductionism (oversimplification), inferences are assumptions, less scientific than other approaches .
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Description
Explore the foundational contributions of Wilhelm Wundt to psychology, including his establishment of the first laboratory and introduction of structuralism. This quiz examines the methods, advantages, and disadvantages of Wundt's approaches and the biological perspective in psychology.
