Psychology Chapter on Freud's Theory

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What method did Freud use to access the unconscious mind?

Medication

Cognitive restructuring

Behavioral therapy

Dream analysis and hypnosis (correct)

Which principle does the Id follow?

Reality principle

Pleasure principle (correct)

Superego principle

Social principle

What role does the Ego serve in Freud's model of the mind?

It enforces moral standards.

It stores repressed memories.

It expresses basic drives without regard for rules.

It mediates between desires and reality. (correct)

What characterizes the Superego in Freud's theory?

It represents societal and moral standards. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Ego function in terms of consciousness?

It is mostly unconscious but censors Id impulses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the superego in an individual's personality?

To provide a moral sense and act as a conscience Signup and view all the answers

How do defense mechanisms function within the ego according to psychological principles?

They operate unconsciously to avoid anxiety-inducing thoughts or feelings. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the development of the superego is accurate?

It develops throughout early childhood and reflects parental and societal values. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the superego and moral standards?

The superego internalizes and reflects societal and parental ethics. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the ego play in the context of defense mechanisms?

It employs unconscious strategies to manage anxiety. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of achievement tests?

To evaluate how much a student has learned. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following refers to the consistency of a test over time?

Reliability Signup and view all the answers

What do personality tests attempt to identify?

Psychological traits that make up a person's personality. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of validity scales in psychological testing?

To determine if the test taker is responding truthfully. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of test relies on individuals' feelings and experiences for answers?

Self-Reports Signup and view all the answers

What do Watson and Skinner believe primarily influences personality formation?

External influences and consequences Signup and view all the answers

According to Bandura's social learning theory, how are behaviors primarily learned?

By observing and modeling the behaviors of others Signup and view all the answers

What significant concept do humanists center their beliefs around?

The importance of self-awareness Signup and view all the answers

What did Abraham Maslow believe about individuals reaching their full potential?

Only a small percentage reaches their full potential Signup and view all the answers

What is a major aspect of the socialization process?

Learning socially desirable behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of achievement tests?

To measure skills and knowledge in specific academic areas Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes norms in testing?

They are averages established by a large group of test-takers. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an aptitude test?

Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT associated with achievement tests?

Age Signup and view all the answers

Who is most likely to take an achievement test?

A graduate school applicant Signup and view all the answers

What additional factors besides aptitude play a significant role in achieving success in school?

Positive attitude and valuing education Signup and view all the answers

What does the CISS test primarily compare?

Test-takers' interests with those of successful people in various jobs Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the format used by vocational interest inventories like the CISS?

Forced-choice format requiring a selection Signup and view all the answers

For which group of students are interest inventories particularly useful?

Students who have no specific career goals Signup and view all the answers

How does a person’s job performance relate to their interests, according to the vocational interest inventories?

Interest alignment increases chances of success Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary feature of objective tests?

They use a standardized group of test items. Signup and view all the answers

Which test is known for identifying psychological problems through True/False questions?

MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) Signup and view all the answers

How does the CPI primarily differ from the MMPI?

The CPI assesses normal personality traits. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes projective tests in comparison to objective tests?

Projective tests are open-ended and interpretive. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the MMPI is true?

It places scores on a scale to help identify problems. Signup and view all the answers

What factors are standardized in the Rorschach Inkblot Test?

Location, determinants, content, and form Signup and view all the answers

How do test-takers respond in the Thematic Apperception Test?

By creating a story based on an illustration Signup and view all the answers

What do the responses in the Rorschach Inkblot Test potentially reveal?

Emotional responses and personality traits Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of the Thematic Apperception Test?

To uncover underlying needs or values Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Rorschach Inkblot Test is true?

Responses may vary widely due to subjective interpretation. Signup and view all the answers