Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one ethical consideration a researcher must take into account during interviews?
What is one ethical consideration a researcher must take into account during interviews?
Debriefing after an interview is unnecessary if the researcher has explained everything beforehand.
Debriefing after an interview is unnecessary if the researcher has explained everything beforehand.
False
What type of analysis is used for structured interviews?
What type of analysis is used for structured interviews?
Statistical measures.
What is one significant advantage of using interviews in psychological research?
What is one significant advantage of using interviews in psychological research?
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The method called __________ is used to elicit themes from descriptive data in interviews.
The method called __________ is used to elicit themes from descriptive data in interviews.
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What is the role of reflexivity in qualitative research interviews?
What is the role of reflexivity in qualitative research interviews?
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Interviews allow researchers to establish cause and effect relationships between variables.
Interviews allow researchers to establish cause and effect relationships between variables.
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Match the interview type to its primary characteristic:
Match the interview type to its primary characteristic:
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What is a potential risk if the researcher does not maintain objectivity during the interview?
What is a potential risk if the researcher does not maintain objectivity during the interview?
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What is a common limitation when relying on self-reported data in interviews?
What is a common limitation when relying on self-reported data in interviews?
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Participants are required to provide a reason if they choose to withdraw from the study.
Participants are required to provide a reason if they choose to withdraw from the study.
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Members checking involves reaching out to participants for their opinions on data interpretation.
Members checking involves reaching out to participants for their opinions on data interpretation.
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What should researchers avoid to protect participants from harm during interviews?
What should researchers avoid to protect participants from harm during interviews?
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A focus group interview typically involves ____ to ____ participants.
A focus group interview typically involves ____ to ____ participants.
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Using __________ language is essential during interviews to ensure participants feel at ease.
Using __________ language is essential during interviews to ensure participants feel at ease.
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Match the interview structures with their characteristics:
Match the interview structures with their characteristics:
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What is the purpose of keeping focus on the participant during the interview?
What is the purpose of keeping focus on the participant during the interview?
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Match the ethical issue to how it should be dealt with:
Match the ethical issue to how it should be dealt with:
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Which role does the interviewer typically play during a focus group interview?
Which role does the interviewer typically play during a focus group interview?
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Interviews can only be conducted face-to-face, and not by other means.
Interviews can only be conducted face-to-face, and not by other means.
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What is a significant limitation of obtaining informed consent?
What is a significant limitation of obtaining informed consent?
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What is reflexivity in the context of interviews?
What is reflexivity in the context of interviews?
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A larger sample size in qualitative interviews is always beneficial.
A larger sample size in qualitative interviews is always beneficial.
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What should researchers document as part of reflexivity in interviews?
What should researchers document as part of reflexivity in interviews?
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Study Notes
Interviews as a Data Collection Tool
- Interviews are a valuable method for collecting data in psychology.
- While seemingly straightforward, some issues need consideration.
Advantages of Interviews
- Generate a large amount of data.
- Provide insights into participants' views and beliefs.
Disadvantages of Interviews
- Rely on self-reported data, which may be incorrect or difficult to articulate.
- Difficulty establishing cause-and-effect relationships between variables.
Number of Participants in Interviews
- Researchers must decide between individual interviews and focus groups based on the research question and purpose.
- Advantages of individual interviews include more in-depth exploration, more time for each participant, and dealing with sensitive subjects more effectively.
- Focus groups (group interviews, typically 5-8 participants) allow collecting a large amount of information quickly, enabling interaction and diverse views on a topic.
Interview Structure
- Many ways to conduct interviews (face-to-face, online, telephone).
- Interview types have strengths and limitations; selecting the best type depends on research goals.
Types of Interviews
- Structured Interviews: Similar to questionnaires; pre-planned, standardized questions asked in a set order.
- Semi-Structured Interviews: Some pre-determined questions, allowing flexibility and follow-up based on participant responses.
- Unstructured Interviews: Open-ended, conversational style with no pre-set questions. Questions evolve based on participant's responses.
Limitations of Interviews
- Individual interviews: Can be time-consuming and may suffer from interpersonal bias due to influence from the interviewer or other participants. Difficulty in exploring diverse perspectives from individuals.
- Focus groups: Participation might become unbalanced and biased, and some participants may be more influenced than others. Subjects might not be comfortable in group settings as personal concerns/sensitive subjects might not be shared, if participants feel the presence of others might affect responses.
Ethical Considerations
- Informed Consent: Participants must understand the study's nature and their role.
- Right to Withdraw: Participants should be informed they can stop the interview at any time.
- Protection from Harm: Prevent any psychological or physical harm as a result of the interview.
- Confidentiality and Anonymity: Protecting privacy by not recording real names and using pseudonyms. Participants should not be identified by the researcher.
Conducting Interviews Effectively
- Explaining the Process: Thoroughly explain the process of the interview and avoiding demand characteristics, which can occur when participants consciously or unconsciously modify their behaviors to align with perceived expectations.
- Objectivity: Remain objective during interviews and avoid influencing responses with interpretation.
- Debriefing: Discussing implications of the interview with participants and member-checking to validate research interpretations.
- Recording: Carefully record interviews (audio/visual) and obtain consent. Consider issues such as recording nonverbals and data analysis limitations.
Analyzing Interview Data
- Structured Interviews: Data analysis often involves numerical data and statistical methods.
- Semi-Structured and Unstructured Interviews: Qualitative analysis and thematic coding are typically used to analyze data.
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Description
This quiz explores the use of interviews as a data collection tool in psychology. It covers advantages and disadvantages, the impact of participant numbers, and how to choose between individual interviews and focus groups. Delve into the complexities of gathering data through this method.
