Psychology Chapter: Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

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Questions and Answers

What does the ID primarily operate on?

Social conformity

Reality principle

Moral guidance

Pleasure principle (correct)

At what age does the Superego begin to develop?

5-6 years

3-4 years

1-2 years

7-8 years (correct)

Which of the following is an example of repression as a defense mechanism?

A person redirects their frustration from work to their family.

An individual hides feelings of anger towards a friend. (correct)

A person blames their failures on external circumstances.

Someone accuses others of having feelings they themselves possess.

Which stage of Freud's psychosexual stages focuses on conflict resolution and can lead to fixation?

Anal stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Ego in Freud's model of the mind?

To mediate between the ID and reality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary conflict during the anal stage of development?

Potty training struggles between parents and child Signup and view all the answers

Which fixation might result from the oral stage of development?

Overeating or nail-biting Signup and view all the answers

In which stage do children not experience sexual focus or conflict?

Latency Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of personality development is emphasized by behaviorism according to John B. Watson?

Observable behaviors and reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What complex is associated with boys in the phallic stage?

Oedipal complex Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key resolution of the Elektra complex for girls?

Identifying with the father Signup and view all the answers

In Erik Erikson’s developmental psychology, what is a critical issue faced during adolescence?

Identity vs. role confusion Signup and view all the answers

What concept introduced by Carl Jung refers to shared images and thoughts from humanity's collective past?

Collective unconscious Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'self-concept' refer to?

A person's belief about who they are and their unique capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the 'Big 5' personality factors?

Behavioral genetics Signup and view all the answers

How does unconditional positive regard differ from conditional positive regard?

Unconditional positive regard is given regardless of circumstances Signup and view all the answers

What role do twin studies play in behavioral genetics?

They help compare genetic influences in identical and fraternal twins Signup and view all the answers

How much impact does genetics have on personality traits according to the studied data?

70% Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'response tendencies' in psychology?

Reinforced behaviors that become stable patterns of responding Signup and view all the answers

What does 'distinctiveness' refer to in modern definitions of personality?

The uniqueness of traits displayed under stress or crisis Signup and view all the answers

What does 'impression formation' involve?

Creating lasting opinions about a person based on social interactions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychodynamic Perspective

Emphasizes unconscious processes, a dynamic struggle of opposing inner forces
Originated from Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Levels of Awareness:
- Conscious: Aware of
- Preconscious: Accessible with effort
- Unconscious: Deep, containing biological urges, wishes, desires (sex, aggression)
Structures of the Mind:
- ID: Fully unconscious, operates on the pleasure principle (immediate gratification)
- Ego: Conscious, operates on the reality principle (practicality)
- Superego: Conscious and largely unconscious, moral guardian (morals - simplistic, black/white, good/bad)
- Defense Mechanisms: Unconscious coping mechanisms to reduce anxiety and guilt:
  - Repression: Suppressing distressing thoughts and feelings
  - Rationalization: Creating false but believable excuses for bad behavior
  - Projection: Attributing one's own thoughts or feelings to someone else
  - Displacement: Taking out anger on a less threatening target
Psychosexual Stages: Five stages with different focuses (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital), fixations can impact development if conflicts are not resolved
- Oral (0-1): Focus on mouth; feeding (mother-baby conflict resolution)
- Anal (1-3): Focus on bowel movements; potty training
- Phallic (3-5): Focus on genitals; Oedipal & Electra complexes.

Other Theories

Erik Erikson: Developmental psychology
Alfred Adler: Inferiority complex
John B. Watson: Behaviorism

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Description

Explore the key concepts of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory in this quiz. Delve into the levels of awareness, structures of the mind, and various defense mechanisms. Test your understanding of the psychodynamic perspective and its significance in psychology.