Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is procedural memory?
What is procedural memory?
A type of implicit memory that stores information about how to do things.
Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?
Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?
- Learning a new dance move
- Having a conversation with a friend
- Going over a song's lyrics repeatedly
- Remembering the colors of the rainbow with the acronym ROY-G-BIV (correct)
If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?
If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?
Amygdala
Which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?
Which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?
_____________ encoding is the encoding of images.
_____________ encoding is the encoding of images.
How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?
How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?
Elaborative rehearsal involves _______________.
Elaborative rehearsal involves _______________.
What did Lashley develop by purposely damaging the brains of rats that had learned a task and then testing those rats to see if the brain damage impaired their ability to complete that same task?
What did Lashley develop by purposely damaging the brains of rats that had learned a task and then testing those rats to see if the brain damage impaired their ability to complete that same task?
Lisa puts five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. However, when asked, Lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. This may be an example of ________, because Lisa never paid attention to the picture in the first place.
Lisa puts five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. However, when asked, Lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. This may be an example of ________, because Lisa never paid attention to the picture in the first place.
When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, they are referring to ________ memory, also called non-declarative memory.
When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, they are referring to ________ memory, also called non-declarative memory.
For many in the baby-boom generation, the Kennedy assassination represents a ______________, an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event.
For many in the baby-boom generation, the Kennedy assassination represents a ______________, an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event.
What is the main idea of the Stroop effect?
What is the main idea of the Stroop effect?
Forgetting anything good that happened on your trip to France because you just broke up with your French fiancée and now can't bear the thought of anything French is a good example of ______________: Memories are distorted by your current belief system.
Forgetting anything good that happened on your trip to France because you just broke up with your French fiancée and now can't bear the thought of anything French is a good example of ______________: Memories are distorted by your current belief system.
Which of the following statements about encoding is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about encoding is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about the amygdala is correct?
Which of the following statements about the amygdala is correct?
I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. While I am actively remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________.
I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. While I am actively remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________.
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through three distinct stages: transitional memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through three distinct stages: transitional memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
Remembering ________ is a good example of procedural memory.
Remembering ________ is a good example of procedural memory.
What does the equipotentiality hypothesis suggest would happen if the hippocampus was damaged?
What does the equipotentiality hypothesis suggest would happen if the hippocampus was damaged?
What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?
What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?
Study Notes
Procedural and Implicit Memory
- Procedural memory is a type of implicit memory that retains how to perform tasks or actions without conscious awareness.
- Implicit memories operate outside of conscious recall, contrasting with explicit memories that require active recollection.
Types of Encoding
- Semantic encoding involves associating new information with existing knowledge, exemplified by remembering the rainbow colors using the acronym ROY-G-BIV.
- Acoustic encoding allows one to recall melodies or tunes without knowing the lyrics, highlighting how sound aids memory.
- Visual encoding refers to processing images, crucial for memory formation.
Brain and Memory Processing
- The amygdala is central to processing emotional responses, particularly fear related to stimuli such as snakes.
- The equipotentiality hypothesis posits that if one brain region is damaged, other areas may compensate for its memory functions.
Memory Failure and Distortion
- Encoding failure occurs when information is never encoded due to lack of attention, illustrated by an inability to recall the orientation of a quarter.
- Memory bias can distorting recollections based on current emotions or beliefs, such as forgetting positive experiences linked to a traumatic breakup.
Memory Types
- Implicit memory, often encapsulated in the phrase "you never forget how to ride a bike," pertains to skills and tasks learned through practice.
- Flashbulb memories are vivid, detailed recollections of significant events, like the Kennedy assassination.
Stroop Effect and Reaction Time
- The Stroop effect demonstrates that conflicting information leads to slower reaction times in processing, emphasizing the cognitive load of competing stimuli.
Memory Stages
- For memory to be stored, it must transition through distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory (correcting "transitional" to "sensory").
Explicit Memory
- Explicit memory is characterized by conscious thought — actively recalling facts, such as the names of all 50 states.
Sensory Memory
- Sensory memory captures brief experiences, like sights, sounds, and tastes, serving as the first stage of information retention before further processing takes place.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts from Psychology Chapter 8, including types of memory and brain functions associated with emotions. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of procedural memory and semantic encoding with practical examples.
