Questions and Answers
When Ann is being punished or told that she does not have permission to do something, her parents explain why. This is an example of which of the following?
Which children in a class are likely to be both liked and disliked by classmates?
Justin likes to beat up other children in order to get their lunch money. This is called what kind of aggression?
Children who only befriend others of the opposite sex tend to be which of the following?
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Which type of parents show moderate control and high warmth?
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When does divorce typically affect children most negatively?
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What are the two dimensions of stable parental behavior?
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Social networking via computers or cell phones tends to do which of the following?
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Who tends to spend the most time playing online video games?
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What are the standards of behavior that apply to all group members?
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Which group of children are liked by many classmates?
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Television seems to do which of the following?
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When a parent does not punish but instead gives in to a child's unruly behavior, what has the parent fallen into?
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Which of these is true of the link between viewing television and short attention spans in children?
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Children's descriptions of other people go from ________.
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Julie is a risk-taker, innovative, popular, and outgoing. She is likely which of these?
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Victor is the captain of the soccer team. He is not the best player on the team, so he was likely chosen to be the captain because he demonstrates which of the following?
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Sam receives poor grades in school, so his parents forbid him to watch television. Sam's parents are administering which of the following?
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Which of the following best highlights an interactionist view of parents and children?
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Despite often confusing the two, in which stage of perspective-taking do children know that self and others can have different thoughts and feelings?
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Study Notes
Parenting Styles and Child Development
- Direct instruction involves parents explaining the rationale behind rules and punishments to help children understand their actions.
- Authoritative parents are characterized by moderate control and high warmth, effectively balancing guidance and support.
- Negative reinforcement traps occur when parents give in to a child's misbehavior, failing to enforce boundaries, which can lead to spoiling.
Social Dynamics in Childhood
- Controversial children are those who experience a mix of positive and negative social feedback from their peers, being both liked and disliked.
- Popular children are typically well-liked by many classmates, highlighting the importance of social acceptance in peer relationships.
- Children exhibiting instrumental aggression engage in harmful behavior, like bullying for personal gain, which contrasts with hostile aggression driven by emotion.
Gender and Social Skills
- Children who only befriend peers of the opposite sex may struggle with social skills, impacting their ability to develop diverse friendships.
- Social networking through technology can enhance the quality of friendships by promoting self-disclosure among youth.
Impact of Divorce on Children
- The effects of divorce on children are most pronounced during elementary school years, a critical period for emotional and social development.
Television and Attention
- Television exposure is linked to increased gender stereotyping, raising concerns about its influence on children’s social perceptions.
- The relationship between watching television and attention spans in children lacks strong research support, highlighting a controversial narrative in child development studies.
Cognitive and Social Skills Development
- Children's descriptions of others evolve from concrete observations to more conceptual understanding as they mature.
- During perspective-taking development, children learn that self and others can have distinct thoughts and feelings, but often confuse this understanding in early stages.
Child Characteristics and Birth Order
- Last-born children are often described as risk-takers and social innovators, associating such traits with their position in the family dynamic.
- Leadership qualities, such as influence over peers rather than aggression, can determine roles like team captain, rather than just skill alone.
Academic Restrictions and Consequences
- Punishment can manifest as restrictions on activities, like television watching, in response to poor academic performance, showing a common disciplinary approach by parents.
Interaction Between Child and Parent
- Interactionist views emphasize the reciprocal relationship between parenting styles and child behavior, leading to improved outcomes through understanding and adaptation to the child’s needs.
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Description
Test your knowledge with this quiz based on Chapter 7 of Psychology. Explore concepts related to parenting styles and children's social dynamics. Each question challenges your understanding of psychological terms and definitions.
