Psychology Chapter 6: Moral Character
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Questions and Answers

What is a key distinction between moral character and ethical behavior?

  • Ethical behavior is unrelated to individual traits.
  • Moral character is solely about knowledge of good.
  • Ethical behavior does not require understanding moral character.
  • Moral character focuses on character development rather than just behavior. (correct)

    • During which stage of life do individuals start viewing self-defining traits as stable?

  • Old age
  • Adolescence (correct)
  • Adulthood
  • Childhood

    • Why is knowledge of ethical standards sometimes insufficient for moral action?

  • People frequently forget the ethical standards.
  • People act on impulse rather than knowledge.
  • Ethics are too complex to remember.
  • There are too many variables affecting behavior. (correct)

    • How does character development influence ethical behavior?

    <p>It shapes choices and responses in challenging situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated about people as they acquire new abilities and experiences?

    <p>They change their patterns of thought and behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about training individuals to act morally?

    <p>Moral training alone ensures good character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do significant others play in an individual’s understanding of their traits?

    <p>They provide insights on what can realistically be expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does character encompass that differentiates it from simply following ethical norms?

    <p>A deep-seated resolve to act ethically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process of change in character suggest about individuals over time?

    <p>They evolve and develop new choices and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Greek term charakter refer to in relation to character?

    <p>The mark impressed upon a coin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term consistency in relation to personality?

    <p>A coherent pattern of traits and actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Latin term persona originally refer to?

    <p>A public image or theatrical mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), what does the 'thinking/feeling' dichotomy represent?

    <p>How individuals prefer to analyze and react to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are individuals categorized in psychology according to their personalities?

    <p>By consistent and distinctive traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of distinction refer to in the study of personality?

    <p>The unique traits of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes character and personality?

    <p>They both encapsulate consistent, observable traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of individuals categorized as 'thinkers'?

    <p>They analyze experiences dispassionately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding behavior and expectations is correct?

    <p>Labels create expectations that can be unmet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect does resistance to change in personality traits imply?

    <p>Personality traits are generally stable over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal character trait in managing resources?

    <p>Generosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes magnanimity in the context of self-esteem?

    <p>A balanced view of one’s own value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lies between the extremes of rashness and cowardice?

    <p>Courage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of character as described in the content?

    <p>It can be observed through consistent patterns of behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virtue is described as enabling other virtues to manifest?

    <p>Courage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is character formation described in the context of living a good life?

    <p>It plays a crucial role in enabling a good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered moderation in the desire for pleasure?

    <p>Temperance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to dissatisfaction in maximizers?

    <p>Feeling of missing out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which character trait allows a person to appreciate what is available?

    <p>Temperance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the downside of excessive desires according to the content?

    <p>It results in greed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is associated with a satisficer?

    <p>Feels satisfied with the necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a desired object is unrealistic or unattainable?

    <p>One accepts frustration and moves on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do popular culture messages about happiness typically contrast with some rich individuals' experiences?

    <p>Some rich people find satisfaction in simplicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily influences a person's actions and the quality of life?

    <p>Character trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavior of individuals characterized as maximizers?

    <p>They often regret their decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is least likely to be associated with temperance?

    <p>Greed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main critique of Kohlberg's theory as discussed by Carol Gilligan?

    <p>It overemphasizes logical reasoning over emotional understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the content describe the concept of moral character?

    <p>It focuses on the refinement of traits for ethical excellence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is assessing character considered problematic?

    <p>People often misinterpret their own weaknesses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of personality is highlighted when discussing traits like introversion?

    <p>Individuals can differ in the degree of traits they possess.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ethics, the term character implies what kind of judgment?

    <p>A value judgment about personal identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the content characterize the nature of personality traits?

    <p>They are fluid and vary relative to situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested about the moral psychology of caring individuals versus rule-based thinkers?

    <p>Rule-based thinkers should be more emotional in their judgments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is character different from personality?

    <p>Character reflects moral identity while personality does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should rule-based thinkers consider to align better with moral judgments based on care?

    <p>To enhance their emotional engagement in decision-making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is ethical character related to individuality according to the content?

    <p>It emphasizes qualities that make one ethically commendable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 6: Moral Character

    • Moral character contrasts with character and personality in psychology
    • It is about ethical excellence, refined qualities, and not simply individual uniqueness
    • It is an inner identity and not always apparent

    Character and Personality

    • Character comes from the Greek charakter which refers to the mark impressed upon a coin
    • It signifies the qualities that make one unique and overlaps with personality in psychology
    • Personality comes from the Latin persona, which referred to a theatrical mask in ancient Greek plays
    • It refers to one’s public image, which may or may not reflect one's real traits

    Character in Psychology

    • In psychology, individuals are categorized based on their respective personalities
    • Personality has two features: consistency and distinction
    • Consistency describes an individual's coherent traits and action patterns
    • Distinction describes differences among individuals based on traits that manifest in thought and behavior patterns

    Character in Ethics

    • In ethics, moral character relates to a person's moral identity and refers to qualities or traits
    • It is about value judgement, not mere appearance
    • It is not reliably identified or measured with standardized tests

    Virtues

    • Temperance is a virtue that moderates the desire for pleasure
    • It lies between excessive desire and people with less desire
    • It can be observed between the maximizer and the satisficer: the maximizer wants to try everything and the satisficer picks what is needed and feels satisfied
    • Courage lies between rashness and cowardice
    • Rashness leads to unnecessary risk for disproportionate benefit
    • Cowardice keeps one from taking necessary risk

    Conclusion

    • Character persists and resists change
    • Character refers to what a person is
    • Virtues are good character traits that form an integral part of a person’s way of life
    • Some virtues only become apparent when a situation calls for it
    • Courage enables the other virtues to manifest.
    • Character formation, or becoming a good person, is essential to the good life.

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    Chapter 6: Moral Character PDF

    Description

    Explore the intricate concepts of moral character, character, and personality as discussed in Chapter 6 of psychology. Understand how moral character distinguishes ethical excellence from mere individuality, and discover the historical roots of these terms. This quiz delves into the psychological implications of character and personality traits.

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