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Questions and Answers
What is a key distinction between moral character and ethical behavior?
What is a key distinction between moral character and ethical behavior?
- Ethical behavior is unrelated to individual traits.
- Moral character is solely about knowledge of good.
- Ethical behavior does not require understanding moral character.
- Moral character focuses on character development rather than just behavior. (correct)
During which stage of life do individuals start viewing self-defining traits as stable?
During which stage of life do individuals start viewing self-defining traits as stable?
- Old age
- Adolescence (correct)
- Adulthood
- Childhood
Why is knowledge of ethical standards sometimes insufficient for moral action?
Why is knowledge of ethical standards sometimes insufficient for moral action?
- People frequently forget the ethical standards.
- People act on impulse rather than knowledge.
- Ethics are too complex to remember.
- There are too many variables affecting behavior. (correct)
How does character development influence ethical behavior?
How does character development influence ethical behavior?
What is indicated about people as they acquire new abilities and experiences?
What is indicated about people as they acquire new abilities and experiences?
What is a common misconception about training individuals to act morally?
What is a common misconception about training individuals to act morally?
What role do significant others play in an individual’s understanding of their traits?
What role do significant others play in an individual’s understanding of their traits?
What aspect does character encompass that differentiates it from simply following ethical norms?
What aspect does character encompass that differentiates it from simply following ethical norms?
What does the process of change in character suggest about individuals over time?
What does the process of change in character suggest about individuals over time?
What does the Greek term charakter refer to in relation to character?
What does the Greek term charakter refer to in relation to character?
Which of the following best describes the term consistency in relation to personality?
Which of the following best describes the term consistency in relation to personality?
What does the Latin term persona originally refer to?
What does the Latin term persona originally refer to?
In the context of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), what does the 'thinking/feeling' dichotomy represent?
In the context of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), what does the 'thinking/feeling' dichotomy represent?
How are individuals categorized in psychology according to their personalities?
How are individuals categorized in psychology according to their personalities?
What does the concept of distinction refer to in the study of personality?
What does the concept of distinction refer to in the study of personality?
Which statement accurately describes character and personality?
Which statement accurately describes character and personality?
What is a key characteristic of individuals categorized as 'thinkers'?
What is a key characteristic of individuals categorized as 'thinkers'?
Which of the following statements regarding behavior and expectations is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding behavior and expectations is correct?
Which aspect does resistance to change in personality traits imply?
Which aspect does resistance to change in personality traits imply?
What is the ideal character trait in managing resources?
What is the ideal character trait in managing resources?
Which of the following best describes magnanimity in the context of self-esteem?
Which of the following best describes magnanimity in the context of self-esteem?
What lies between the extremes of rashness and cowardice?
What lies between the extremes of rashness and cowardice?
What is a characteristic of character as described in the content?
What is a characteristic of character as described in the content?
Which virtue is described as enabling other virtues to manifest?
Which virtue is described as enabling other virtues to manifest?
How is character formation described in the context of living a good life?
How is character formation described in the context of living a good life?
What is considered moderation in the desire for pleasure?
What is considered moderation in the desire for pleasure?
What leads to dissatisfaction in maximizers?
What leads to dissatisfaction in maximizers?
Which character trait allows a person to appreciate what is available?
Which character trait allows a person to appreciate what is available?
What is the downside of excessive desires according to the content?
What is the downside of excessive desires according to the content?
What characteristic is associated with a satisficer?
What characteristic is associated with a satisficer?
What happens when a desired object is unrealistic or unattainable?
What happens when a desired object is unrealistic or unattainable?
How do popular culture messages about happiness typically contrast with some rich individuals' experiences?
How do popular culture messages about happiness typically contrast with some rich individuals' experiences?
What primarily influences a person's actions and the quality of life?
What primarily influences a person's actions and the quality of life?
What is a common behavior of individuals characterized as maximizers?
What is a common behavior of individuals characterized as maximizers?
Which trait is least likely to be associated with temperance?
Which trait is least likely to be associated with temperance?
What is the main critique of Kohlberg's theory as discussed by Carol Gilligan?
What is the main critique of Kohlberg's theory as discussed by Carol Gilligan?
How does the content describe the concept of moral character?
How does the content describe the concept of moral character?
Why is assessing character considered problematic?
Why is assessing character considered problematic?
What aspect of personality is highlighted when discussing traits like introversion?
What aspect of personality is highlighted when discussing traits like introversion?
In ethics, the term character implies what kind of judgment?
In ethics, the term character implies what kind of judgment?
How does the content characterize the nature of personality traits?
How does the content characterize the nature of personality traits?
What is suggested about the moral psychology of caring individuals versus rule-based thinkers?
What is suggested about the moral psychology of caring individuals versus rule-based thinkers?
Why is character different from personality?
Why is character different from personality?
What should rule-based thinkers consider to align better with moral judgments based on care?
What should rule-based thinkers consider to align better with moral judgments based on care?
How is ethical character related to individuality according to the content?
How is ethical character related to individuality according to the content?
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Study Notes
Chapter 6: Moral Character
- Moral character contrasts with character and personality in psychology
- It is about ethical excellence, refined qualities, and not simply individual uniqueness
- It is an inner identity and not always apparent
Character and Personality
- Character comes from the Greek charakter which refers to the mark impressed upon a coin
- It signifies the qualities that make one unique and overlaps with personality in psychology
- Personality comes from the Latin persona, which referred to a theatrical mask in ancient Greek plays
- It refers to one’s public image, which may or may not reflect one's real traits
Character in Psychology
- In psychology, individuals are categorized based on their respective personalities
- Personality has two features: consistency and distinction
- Consistency describes an individual's coherent traits and action patterns
- Distinction describes differences among individuals based on traits that manifest in thought and behavior patterns
Character in Ethics
- In ethics, moral character relates to a person's moral identity and refers to qualities or traits
- It is about value judgement, not mere appearance
- It is not reliably identified or measured with standardized tests
Virtues
- Temperance is a virtue that moderates the desire for pleasure
- It lies between excessive desire and people with less desire
- It can be observed between the maximizer and the satisficer: the maximizer wants to try everything and the satisficer picks what is needed and feels satisfied
- Courage lies between rashness and cowardice
- Rashness leads to unnecessary risk for disproportionate benefit
- Cowardice keeps one from taking necessary risk
Conclusion
- Character persists and resists change
- Character refers to what a person is
- Virtues are good character traits that form an integral part of a person’s way of life
- Some virtues only become apparent when a situation calls for it
- Courage enables the other virtues to manifest.
- Character formation, or becoming a good person, is essential to the good life.
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