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Questions and Answers
What is habituation a process of?
What is the primary characteristic of learning?
What is the term for a behaviour that is elicited automatically by a stimulus in the environment?
What is the primary idea behind Aristotle's law of contiguity?
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What is the main difference between a reflex and a learned response?
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What is the term for the process by which an organism's response to a stimulus changes over time?
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Who is credited with the development of classical conditioning?
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What is the difference between unconditioned and conditioned stimuli?
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What is a characteristic of conditioned taste aversions?
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What is a crucial factor in classical conditioning?
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What happens during extinction in classical conditioning?
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What is latent inhibition in classical conditioning?
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Study Notes
Types of Learning
- Habituation is a type of simple sensory learning where the strength of a reflex response decreases after repeated presentations of the stimulus.
- Learning refers to any enduring change in the way an organism responds based on its experience.
Reflexes
- Behaviours that are elicited automatically by a stimulus in the environment are referred to as reflexes.
- Reflexes are behaviours that are elicited automatically by an environmental stimulus, such as the knee-jerk reflex elicited by a doctor's rubber hammer.
Laws of Association
- Aristotle proposed the law of contiguity, which proposes that two events will be associated if they are experienced close together in time.
Classical Conditioning
- Classical conditioning was originally proposed by Ivan Pavlov.
- In classical conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus or response is something that occurs naturally, without any prior learning.
- A conditioned stimulus or response is something that has been learned.
- Maximal conditioning occurs when the conditioned stimulus (CS) precedes the unconditioned stimulus (UCS).
- Temporal order of the CS and UCS is crucial to conditioning.
Conditioned Taste Aversions
- Conditioned taste aversions are easily acquired and can be acquired in some cases while unconscious.
- Conditioned taste aversions have been demonstrated in animals without a cortex.
Extinction in Classical Conditioning
- Extinction in classical conditioning results from the omission of the UCS.
- Extinction is usually temporary, and the conditioned response may reappear with time.
Latent Inhibition
- Latent inhibition refers to the fact that a familiar stimulus is less likely to produce a conditioned response.
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Description
This quiz assesses your understanding of learning concepts, including habituation and the definition of learning. Test your knowledge of psychology chapter 6!
