Psychology Chapter 5 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is binocular disparity?

Different view of the world that each eye receives.

What is a binaural cue?

Two-eared cue to localize sound.

What is kinesthesia?

Perception of the body's movement through space.

What is the vestibular sense?

Contributes to our ability to maintain balance and body posture. Signup and view all the answers

What is bottom-up processing?

System in which perceptions are built from sensory input. Signup and view all the answers

What is perception?

Way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced. Signup and view all the answers

What is sensation?

What happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor. Signup and view all the answers

What is just noticeable difference?

Difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

What is inattentional blindness?

A failure to perceive objects that are not the focus of attention. Signup and view all the answers

What is sensory adaptation?

Not perceiving stimuli that remain relatively constant over prolonged periods of time. Signup and view all the answers

What is signal detection theory?

Change in stimulus detection as a function of current mental state. Signup and view all the answers

What is nociception?

Perception of pain. Signup and view all the answers

What is thermoception?

Temperature perception. Signup and view all the answers

What is a crest in terms of waves?

Highest point of a wave. Signup and view all the answers

What is a trough in terms of waves?

Lowest point of a wave. Signup and view all the answers

What are rods?

Specialized photoreceptor that works well in low light conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cornea?

The transparent outer covering of the eye. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pupil?

The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters. Signup and view all the answers

What is congenital deafness?

Deafness from birth. Signup and view all the answers

What do the trichromatic theory and opponent process theory suggest?

Equally accurate, apply different levels of the nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest?

Different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies. Signup and view all the answers

What are the other taste groups?

Umami and fat content. Signup and view all the answers

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vision and Perception

Binocular disparity refers to the slight difference in images perceived by each eye, crucial for depth perception.
Bottom-up processing involves perception that starts with sensory input; it builds understanding from individual elements.
Perception is how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced, giving meaning to sensory stimuli.
Sensation is the detection of stimuli by sensory receptors, which initiates the perception process.
Just noticeable difference (JND) is the minimum difference in stimuli required to detect a change.
Inattentional blindness occurs when individuals fail to notice an unexpected object in their visual field because their attention is focused elsewhere.
Sensory adaptation describes the diminishing sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time.

Auditory and Other Sensory Processes

Binaural cues aid in localizing sound using both ears, helping determine the direction of a sound source.
Nociception is the sensory perception of pain, a critical component of the body's response to harmful stimuli.
Thermoception refers to the perception of temperature and helps maintain body homeostasis.

Balance and Body Awareness

Kinesthesia is the perception of the body's movement and position in space, enabling coordinated movements.
Vestibular sense is essential for balance and maintaining posture, integrating information from inner ear structures.

Light and Color Perception

Rods are photoreceptors sensitive to low light, allowing vision in dim environments.
Cornea is the clear outer layer of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina.
Pupil is the adjustable opening in the center of the eye that regulates light entry.
Trichromatic theory and opponent process theory explain color perception through different mechanisms in the nervous system.

Wave Properties

Crest and trough define the highest and lowest points of a wave, respectively, which are essential in understanding sound and light waves.

Deafness and Taste Perception

Congenital deafness indicates hearing impairment present at birth, impacting early language development.
Taste perception includes specific groups like umami and fat content, expanding traditional basic taste categories.

Gestalt Psychology

Gestalt principles emphasize that perception involves holistic processing rather than merely the sum of sensory inputs.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Psychology Chapter 5! Each term includes a clear definition to help reinforce your understanding of key concepts, such as binocular disparity and kinesthesia. Perfect for students looking to solidify their learning in perceptual psychology.