Psychology Chapter 4: The Self

What does the Greek word 'psyche' mean?

Soul or mind

What is the main focus of psychology as a scientific discipline?

Study of human behavior and mental processes

Who is the American philosopher and psychologist who defined the self as 'the sum total of all that he can call his'?

William James

What is the term for the self that knows who he or she is?

I-self Signup and view all the answers

According to William James, what are the three constituents of the Me-self?

Material self, social self, and spiritual self Signup and view all the answers

How many psychological perspectives are mentioned in the text?

6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range typically associated with emerging adulthood?

17-22 Signup and view all the answers

According to Carl Rogers, what is the ultimate goal of human beings?

Self-actualization Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the aspects of the self that are perceived by the individual?

Self-concept Signup and view all the answers

According to Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory, human behavior can be learned through:

Both personal experiences and the experiences of others Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the belief in one's ability to successfully complete a task?

Self-efficacy Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an agentic and proactive self?

Acknowledging one's capacity to shape one's life Signup and view all the answers

What does James suggest is an inherent part of human nature?

The need to be regarded favorably by other people Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Spiritual Self?

A person's purpose, motives, emotions, values, conscience, and moral behavior Signup and view all the answers

According to Harter, how do children in early childhood describe themselves?

In terms of concrete and observable characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the self in adolescence, according to Harter?

The ability to construct higher-order abstractions and the capacity for introspection Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the self in emerging adulthood, according to Harter?

The development of a vision of a 'possible self' Signup and view all the answers

How many constituents of the Me-self are mentioned in the text?

3 Signup and view all the answers