Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where one attribute of a person or situation is used to form an overall impression of that individual?
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where one attribute of a person or situation is used to form an overall impression of that individual?
In impression management, what does the term 'projection' refer to?
In impression management, what does the term 'projection' refer to?
Which perceptual distortion occurs when someone singles out aspects of a situation that align with their needs, values, or attitudes?
Which perceptual distortion occurs when someone singles out aspects of a situation that align with their needs, values, or attitudes?
What is the term for the tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate personal factors when evaluating someone else's behavior?
What is the term for the tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate personal factors when evaluating someone else's behavior?
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In the context of attributions, what do external causes refer to?
In the context of attributions, what do external causes refer to?
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What does the self-serving bias entail?
What does the self-serving bias entail?
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What term is used to describe the cognitive frameworks representing organized knowledge developed through experience about a given concept or stimulus?
What term is used to describe the cognitive frameworks representing organized knowledge developed through experience about a given concept or stimulus?
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Which stage of the perception process involves uncovering the reasons behind the ways stimuli are grouped?
Which stage of the perception process involves uncovering the reasons behind the ways stimuli are grouped?
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What type of screening lets in only a tiny portion of all the information available?
What type of screening lets in only a tiny portion of all the information available?
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Which type of schema contains information about a person's own appearance, behavior, and personality?
Which type of schema contains information about a person's own appearance, behavior, and personality?
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What is the systematic attempt to behave in ways that will create and maintain desired impressions in the eyes of others called?
What is the systematic attempt to behave in ways that will create and maintain desired impressions in the eyes of others called?
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In which stage of the perception process does information stored in memory need to be retrieved in order to be used?
In which stage of the perception process does information stored in memory need to be retrieved in order to be used?
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Study Notes
Halo Effect
- The halo effect is a phenomenon involving the tendency to form an overall impression of a person or situation based on a single, prominent attribute.
Projection
- In impression management, projection involves attributing one's own thoughts, feelings, and characteristics to others, often unconsciously.
Selective Perception
- Selective perception is a perceptual distortion where an individual favors information that confirms their existing beliefs, needs, values, or attitudes, while filtering out contradictory evidence.
Fundamental Attribution Error
- The fundamental attribution error is a cognitive bias where individuals underestimate the influence of situational factors and overestimate the role of personal factors when evaluating someone else's behavior.
External Causes
- In the realm of attributions, external causes refer to factors outside of an individual's control, like circumstances or situations, that influence their behavior.
Self-Serving Bias
- The self-serving bias is a common cognitive bias that involves attributing successes to internal factors (like personal ability or effort) and failures to external factors (like bad luck or difficult circumstances).
Schema
- A schema refers to a cognitive framework that organizes knowledge acquired through prior experiences about a specific concept or stimulus. These frameworks act as mental structures that help us process and interpret information efficiently.
Interpretation
- The interpretation stage in the perception process involves identifying the underlying reasons behind the ways in which stimuli are grouped together, making sense of their relationships and deriving meaning.
Perceptual Filtering
- Perceptual filtering acts as a selective screen, allowing only a small portion of the available information to enter our awareness. This selective process is influenced by factors like attention, motivation, and expectations, making it crucial for efficient processing of information.
Self-Schema
- A self-schema is a specific type of schema that incorporates information about a person's own appearance, behavior, and personality, providing a framework for understanding and interpreting their self-concept.
Impression Management
- Impression management refers to the deliberate and strategic effort made by individuals to control and shape the impressions they make on others, often involving behavior adjustments and communicative strategies to create and maintain favorable perceptions.
Retrieval
- In the retrieval stage of perception, information stored in memory is accessed for use. The effectiveness of this process can be influenced by various factors, including the strength of the memory traces, the retrieval cues used, and the context of the information recall.
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Description
Explore the process of perception in psychology, including how people select, organize, interpret, retrieve, and respond to information from their surroundings. Learn about the stages of perception process, including perception attention and selection, controlled processing, and schemas.
