Psychology Chapter 4: Perception, Attribution, and Learning

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What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where one attribute of a person or situation is used to form an overall impression of that individual?

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Halo effects (correct)

Selective perception

Projection

In impression management, what does the term 'projection' refer to?

Forming relationships with admired people

Developing explanations for events

Creating pathways to group memberships

Assigning personal attributes to others (correct)

Which perceptual distortion occurs when someone singles out aspects of a situation that align with their needs, values, or attitudes?

Distinctiveness

Selective perception (correct)

Consensus

Contrast effects

What is the term for the tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate personal factors when evaluating someone else's behavior?

Fundamental attribution error Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attributions, what do external causes refer to?

Causes from outside a person Signup and view all the answers

What does the self-serving bias entail?

Denying personal responsibility for failures Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the cognitive frameworks representing organized knowledge developed through experience about a given concept or stimulus?

Schemas Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the perception process involves uncovering the reasons behind the ways stimuli are grouped?

Interpretation Signup and view all the answers

What type of screening lets in only a tiny portion of all the information available?

Selective screening Signup and view all the answers

Which type of schema contains information about a person's own appearance, behavior, and personality?

Self schema Signup and view all the answers

What is the systematic attempt to behave in ways that will create and maintain desired impressions in the eyes of others called?

Impression management Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of the perception process does information stored in memory need to be retrieved in order to be used?

Retrieval Signup and view all the answers

Psychology Chapter 4: Perception, Attribution, and Learning

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where one attribute of a person or situation is used to form an overall impression of that individual?

In impression management, what does the term 'projection' refer to?

Which perceptual distortion occurs when someone singles out aspects of a situation that align with their needs, values, or attitudes?

What is the term for the tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate personal factors when evaluating someone else's behavior?

In the context of attributions, what do external causes refer to?

What does the self-serving bias entail?

What term is used to describe the cognitive frameworks representing organized knowledge developed through experience about a given concept or stimulus?

Which stage of the perception process involves uncovering the reasons behind the ways stimuli are grouped?

What type of screening lets in only a tiny portion of all the information available?

Which type of schema contains information about a person's own appearance, behavior, and personality?

What is the systematic attempt to behave in ways that will create and maintain desired impressions in the eyes of others called?

In which stage of the perception process does information stored in memory need to be retrieved in order to be used?

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