Questions and Answers
________ involves the detection of physical stimuli from our environment and is made possible by the activation of specific receptor cells.
The lowest level of stimulation that a person can consciously detect 50 percent of the time the stimulation is present is called
After being in class for a while, ____________ is a likely explanation for not hearing the sound of the lights buzzing above you until someone says something about it.
You are drinking a strong cup of coffee that is particularly bitter. After a while, the coffee doesn't taste as strong as it did when you first tasted it. What has happened?
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Which of the following is largely determined by the length of a light wave?
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Aside from the lens, damage to the ________ can affect the eye's ability to focus light.
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In farsightedness, also known as _______________, the focal point is _____________ the retina.
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Colleen stares at a fixed spot in her bedroom using only one eye. After a while, what might happen to her vision?
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What are the three primary colors as proposed by the trichromatic theory?
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Which of the following best explains afterimages?
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The part of the ear that can be seen is also called the
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The oval window is found in what part of the ear?
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Which theory cannot adequately account for pitches above 1,000 Hz?
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Ethan has suffered minor damage to the bones in his left middle ear. What treatment, if any, might help restore his hearing?
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Which is considered the most common type of permanent hearing loss?
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Taste is often called a ____________ sense because it works with the molecules of foods that people eat.
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Research has found that taste information is sent to the
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How often are olfactory receptors replaced by new olfactory receptors?
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Olfactory receptors project directly to the ________________ and are unique in that signals do not first connect to the thalamus.
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__________ are tactile receptors that are located just beneath the skin and respond to changes in pressure.
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In gate-control theory, substance P
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Study Notes
Sensation and Perception
- Sensation: Involves detection of physical stimuli through activation of specific receptor cells.
- Absolute Threshold: Minimum level of stimulation that can be detected 50% of the time.
- Habituation: Decreased response to unchanging stimuli over time, such as not hearing buzzing lights.
- Sensory Adaptation: Reduced sensitivity to constant stimuli, leading to changes in perception (e.g., coffee taste becoming less intense).
Vision
- Light Wave Properties: Length of a light wave primarily determines color.
- Eye Anatomy: Damage to the cornea can affect focusing ability; key parts include the lens, pupil, retina, and iris.
- Farsightedness (Hyperopia): Occurs when focal point is beyond the retina, while myopia (nearsightedness) has its focal point in front of the retina.
- Visual Distortion: Fixating on a single spot can cause objects to appear more distorted.
Color Theory
- Trichromatic Theory: Proposes three primary colors—red, green, blue.
- Afterimages: Best explained by opponent-process theory, which involves color perception and lasting effects on vision post-exposure.
Hearing
- Visible Ear: The part of the ear that can be seen is called the pinna.
- Oval Window: Located in the middle ear; important for transferring sound vibrations to the inner ear.
- Pitch Theories: Place theory does not adequately explain pitches above 1,000 Hz; frequency theory is also used to explain sound perception.
- Hearing Loss Types: Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common, while conductive hearing loss is also common but less so.
Taste and Smell
- Taste as a Chemical Sense: Works with food molecules; intrinsic to the flavor experience.
- Olfactory Receptors: Project directly to olfactory bulbs, bypassing the thalamus, and are replaced every 5-8 weeks.
- Taste Processing: Taste information is sent to the insula and frontal operculum of the brain for processing.
Touch and Pain
- Tactile Receptors: Pacinian corpuscles detect pressure changes underneath the skin.
- Gate-Control Theory: Involves substance P, which opens spinal gates for pain, contrasting with the function of endorphins that block pain transmission.
Kinesthetic Sense
- Proprioception: Awareness of body position, allowing knowledge of limb placement without visual input.
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Description
Test your understanding of Chapter 3 in Psychology with these quiz questions. Focus on key concepts like sensation, adaptation, and perception. Perfect for reviewing important terms and definitions.
