Psychology Chapter 16: Frontal Lobes and Networks
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the corollary discharge in the visual system?

  • To generate voluntary eye movements
  • To compensate for movement and maintain visual stability (correct)
  • To process internal and external speech stimuli
  • To control fine motor movements of the hands

    • Which brain region is responsible for selecting words based on internal and external stimuli?

  • Primary motor cortex
  • Frontal eye fields
  • Broca's area and supplementary speech area (correct)
  • Supplementary motor cortex

    • What is the primary function of the frontal eye fields in the visual system?

  • Controlling fine motor movements of the hands
  • Processing the corollary discharge information (correct)
  • Programming rapid sequences of skilled movements
  • Generating voluntary eye movements

    • What is the result of bilateral damage to the frontal lobes in terms of copying facial movements?

    <p>Significant impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thinking is most closely related to executive function tests?

    <p>Convergent thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the premotor cortex?

    <p>Selecting and planning movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the prefrontal cortex is involved in regulating emotional state and contributes to abnormalities in schizophrenia and drug addiction?

    <p>Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area)?

    <p>Language processing and production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the frontal lobe networks?

    <p>Executive functions, such as planning and decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the frontal lobe is involved in pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy?

    <p>Orbital frontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of area 13 in the orbital frontal cortex?

    <p>Responding to affective qualities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network is involved in executive functions, along with the frontal lobes?

    <p>Dorsolateral frontoparietal network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between 'hot' and 'cool' executive functions?

    <p>Hot executive functions involve emotions, while cool executive functions do not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex?

    <p>Working memory, planning, and problem-solving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the questionnaire that assesses specific behaviors and attitudes commonly associated with executive function?

    <p>Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network is involved in the shift of attention from internal thoughts to external stimuli?

    <p>Salience network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbitofrontal cortex in learning and behavior?

    <p>Learning by association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the prefrontal cortex is involved in selecting behavior based on temporal memory?

    <p>Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of dysfunction in the salience network?

    <p>Increased activity in the default mode network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive function is impaired when temporal memory is disrupted?

    <p>Internalized knowledge-based behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the region of the prefrontal cortex that is involved in interpreting context and altering behavior appropriately?

    <p>Combining sensory information with affective information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of impairment in autonoetic awareness?

    <p>Deficit in behavioral self-regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of correlations among performances on tasks sensitive to frontal lobe injury?

    <p>Lowly correlated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region of the frontal lobe involved in pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy?

    <p>Ventromedial prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the inferior frontal cortex in social species?

    <p>Combining sensory information with affective information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in spatial memory and decision making?

    <p>Guiding movements and visuomotor control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain regions are connected by white-matter tracts and involved in fluid intelligence?

    <p>Posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tests of planning, such as Tower of London and Tower of Hanoi?

    <p>Examining the ability to move discs from one peg to another according to rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the rapid expansion of the prefrontal cortex in human evolutionary history?

    <p>Development of human intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task?

    <p>Evaluating the ability to shift strategies and perform tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of damage to the orbitofrontal cortex on social behavior?

    <p>Indifference to emotional things and lack of sexual interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in memory?

    <p>Recalling the order of presented items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pseudopsychopathy resulting from frontal-lobe damage?

    <p>Promiscuous sexual behavior and coarse language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of damage to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on temporal memory?

    <p>Reduced performance on delayed-response tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the prefrontal cortex in social behavior?

    <p>Facilitating flexible responses to social contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of bilateral frontal-lobe damage on social behavior?

    <p>All elements of pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy are observable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the prefrontal cortex in visuomotor guidance and spatial cognition?

    <p>Guiding motor responses to visual stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of patients with frontal-lobe lesions in associative learning?

    <p>They are unable to select the appropriate behavior from possible responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the prefrontal cortex in regulating behavioral flexibility?

    <p>Facilitating flexible responses to social contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of damage to the orbitofrontal cortex on emotional output?

    <p>Reduced emotional output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Damage to the frontal eye fields is likely to impair which of the following functions?

    <p>Control of voluntary eye movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for regulating emotional state and contributes to abnormalities in schizophrenia and drug addiction?

    <p>Mesolimbic dopamine cells in the tegmentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is primarily involved in which of the following cognitive functions?

    <p>Planning and decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Damage to the orbital frontal cortex is likely to result in which of the following deficits?

    <p>Disruptions to social behavior and emotional regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the prefrontal cortex is involved in visuomotor guidance and spatial cognition?

    <p>Dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy are associated with damage to which of the following brain regions?

    <p>Orbital frontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the frontal lobe is involved in pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy?

    <p>Orbital frontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cognitive functions is impaired in individuals with bilateral frontal-lobe lesions?

    <p>Copying facial movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in the premotor cortex?

    <p>Selecting movement from a movement lexicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbital frontal cortex in social behavior?

    <p>Regulating emotional state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network is responsible for the shift in attention from internal thoughts to external stimuli, and is accompanied by increased activity in the salience network and decreased activity in the default mode network?

    <p>Salience network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in visuomotor guidance and spatial cognition?

    <p>Selecting movements based on internal cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the prefrontal cortex is involved in learning by association and is critical for social behavior?

    <p>Orbitofrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of patients with frontal-lobe lesions in terms of social behavior?

    <p>They exhibit pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbitofrontal cortex in regulating emotional state and behavior?

    <p>Learning by association and regulating emotional state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in spatial memory?

    <p>To guide visuomotor movements in spatial contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the frontal lobe is involved in pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy?

    <p>Orbital frontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?

    <p>Fluid intelligence involves seeing relationships and drawing logical conclusions, while crystallized intelligence involves storing information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the frontal lobe is involved in visuomotor guidance and spatial cognition?

    <p>Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbital frontal cortex in social behavior?

    <p>To regulate emotional state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of area 11 in the orbital frontal cortex?

    <p>Processes new visual information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of 'hot' executive functions?

    <p>Involve situations that are emotionally significant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the frontal lobe networks?

    <p>Involved in executive functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pseudodepression?

    <p>A symptom of frontal-lobe damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbitofrontal cortex in social behavior?

    <p>Involved in pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In social species, what is the primary function of the inferior frontal cortex?

    <p>Combining sensory information with affective information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of impairment in autonoetic awareness?

    <p>Deficit of behavioral self-regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex?

    <p>Working memory and decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the frontal lobe is involved in pseudodepression and pseudopsychopathy?

    <p>Orbital frontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbital frontal cortex in social behavior?

    <p>Interpreting context and altering behavior appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cognitive impairment in individuals with bilateral frontal-lobe lesions in the context of social and sexual behavior?

    <p>Impaired selection of appropriate behavioral responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of patients with damage to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in associative learning tasks?

    <p>Impaired ability to learn from experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbital frontal cortex in social behavior?

    <p>Regulating emotional responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pseudodepression resulting from frontal-lobe damage?

    <p>Outward apathy and indifference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in temporal memory?

    <p>Maintaining information in working memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cognitive impairment in individuals with frontal-lobe lesions in the context of temporal memory?

    <p>Impaired recall of the order of presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the prefrontal cortex in regulating behavioral flexibility?

    <p>Selecting appropriate behavioral responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pseudopsychopathy resulting from frontal-lobe damage?

    <p>Lack of tact or restraint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the orbital frontal cortex in learning and behavior?

    <p>Regulating emotional responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cognitive impairment in individuals with bilateral frontal-lobe lesions in the context of associative learning?

    <p>Impaired ability to learn from experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

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