Psychology Chapter 15: Morality and Media Influences
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which evolutionary psychologists argue that moral tendencies have been shaped?

  • Environmental toxins and pollutants.
  • Social and ecological environments. (correct)
  • Cultural norms and values.
  • Genetic mutations and natural selection.

    • Which of the following is a key difference between the evolutionary psychology and cultural psychology views on morality?

  • Evolutionary psychology emphasizes the role of innate moral sense, while cultural psychology emphasizes the role of culture. (correct)
  • Evolutionary psychology focuses on cultural norms, while cultural psychology focuses on genetic predispositions.
  • Evolutionary psychology studies moral development, while cultural psychology studies moral reasoning.
  • Evolutionary psychology is focused on individual differences, while cultural psychology is focused on group differences.

    • What is the primary focus of Piaget's theory of moral development?

  • The development of moral reasoning in children.
  • The stage-based development of moral attitudes towards rules in games. (correct)
  • The impact of empathy on moral decision-making.
  • The role of culture in shaping moral norms.

    • According to cultural psychology, what is the primary way that moral norms are developed?

    <p>Through socialization and cultural transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of empathy in evolutionary psychology's view of morality?

    <p>Empathy has adaptive value, leading to stronger social bonds and better mate selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Heteronomous Stage of moral development according to Piaget?

    <p>Respecting rules and focusing on consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Kohlberg's and Gilligan's theories of moral development?

    <p>Kohlberg's theory focuses on justice, while Gilligan's focuses on care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary emphasis of cultural psychology's view of morality?

    <p>The impact of culture on moral values and norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critique of Piaget's theory that rules in games are often arbitrary and may not accurately reflect moral reasoning in real-life situations?

    <p>Rules as morals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between evolutionary psychology and morality?

    <p>Evolutionary psychology views morality as an innate moral sense that has evolved over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary criticism of Kohlberg's theory in terms of cultural applicability?

    <p>Cross-cultural variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Piaget's and Kohlberg's theories of moral development?

    <p>Piaget's theory is a stage-based theory, while Kohlberg's theory is focused on moral development in children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of evolutionary psychology's view of morality?

    <p>Moral behaviors are culturally constructed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage of moral development do individuals create their own moral code, according to Kohlberg?

    <p>Postconventional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cultural psychology's view of morality?

    <p>The impact of culture on moral values and norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of the Autonomous Stage of moral development according to Piaget?

    <p>Questioning and altering rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the Preconventional and Conventional levels of moral development according to Kohlberg?

    <p>Individual moral code vs. conforming to society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critique of Kohlberg's theory that his research primarily focused on middle-class boys?

    <p>Gender biases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the Preconventional Stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?

    <p>Justifying behavior based on avoiding punishment and gaining rewards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Piaget's and Kohlberg's theories of moral development?

    <p>Piaget's theory focuses on cognitive development, while Kohlberg's emphasizes moral dilemmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behavior involves using social relationships or status to harm others?

    <p>Social aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Learning Theory, how do individuals learn moral norms and behaviors?

    <p>Through reinforcement and punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of media can have positive effects on cognitive development by enhancing skills such as vocabulary and problem-solving?

    <p>Educational media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is associated with the Modeling Theory of moral behavior?

    <p>Albert Bandura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential negative effect of exposure to violent video games on development?

    <p>Decreased empathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behavior is characterized by actions that benefit others or contribute to the well-being of society?

    <p>Prosocial behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential positive effect of playing video games on development?

    <p>Improved spatial reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of antisocial behavior?

    <p>It harms others or violates social norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of media can have negative effects on cognitive and social development by impairing cognitive development and increasing aggression?

    <p>Entertainment media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of prosocial behavior that involves helping a peer in need?

    <p>Altruism</p> Signup and view all the answers

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