Psychology Chapter 15 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are the aspects of adolescent egocentrism?

Imaginary audience

Fable of invincibility

Personal fable

All of the above (correct)

What are the effects of cyberbullying?

It can spread rumors quickly, students feel unsafe at school, and they may feel negatively about themselves.

Deductive reasoning is based on _____ steps.

logical

Inductive reasoning is based on _____.

experience Signup and view all the answers

What is the dual-process model?

The notion that two networks exist within the human brain, one for emotional and one for analytical processing of stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes formal operational thought according to Piaget?

More systematic logical thinking and the ability to understand and systematically manipulate abstract concepts. Signup and view all the answers

Hypothetical thought is reasoning that only reflects reality.

False Signup and view all the answers

How does thinking change in adolescence according to Piaget's stage of formal operational thought?

Adolescents gain the ability to understand complex ideas and manipulate abstract concepts. Signup and view all the answers

How can academic achievement change when adolescents enter middle school?

Students may experience stress due to new environments, teachers, and increased workload, but motivated students tend to do better and acquire social skills. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adolescent Egocentrism

Imaginary audience: Adolescents believe they are constantly being watched and judged by others.
Invincibility fable: The belief that they are immune to dangers that affect others, such as risks associated with unprotected sex, drug use, or reckless driving.
Personal fable: Adolescents perceive their emotional experiences as unique and superior, distinguishing them from their peers.

Cyberbullying

Rapid rumor spreading: Cyberbullying facilitates quick dissemination of false information about individuals.
Safety perceptions: Victims may feel unsafe at school environments.
Self-esteem impacts: Cyberbullying contributes to decreased confidence and self-worth among students.

Deductive vs. Inductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning: Involves logical steps to reach conclusions based on general principles or premises.
Inductive reasoning: Relies on personal experiences to formulate conclusions, often leading to generalizations.

Dual-Process Model

The brain is thought to have two distinct networks: one for emotional responses and another for analytical thinking, influencing decision-making processes.

Formal Operational Thought (Piaget)

Represents the final stage of cognitive development, marked by the ability to think logically and systematically about abstract concepts and ideas.

Hypothetical Thought

Involves reasoning with possibilities and hypothetical scenarios that may not align with reality, enabling creative and flexible thinking.

Changes in Thinking During Adolescence

Adolescents develop the ability to grasp and manipulate complex abstract ideas, transitioning from basic arithmetic skills to more intricate mathematical concepts.

Academic Achievement in Middle School

Transition stress: Middle school introduces new environments, teachers, and workloads, contributing to increased stress levels among adolescents.
Puberty effects: Physical and emotional changes during puberty further complicate academic and social experiences.
Motivation correlation: Higher motivation in students is linked to better academic performance and social skill acquisition.

Description

Explore key terms and concepts from Chapter 15 of your psychology course. This chapter focuses on adolescent egocentrism, including the imaginary audience, invincibility fable, and personal fable. Test your understanding and recall of these critical ideas through interactive flashcards.