Questions and Answers
What causes Edward's attitude towards Bella to become more positive?
What is the term for Baily's changing attitude towards the orange sweater?
Familiarity
What is it called when the presence of others enhances performance?
Social facilitation
What behavior is likely displayed when mobs loot after an earthquake without police present?
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What concept explains why some team members do not contribute to group projects?
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What is Jay experiencing when he performs better in front of others?
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People behave according to their roles in a situation, as illustrated in the Stanford prison study.
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What phenomenon explains Payton's behavior at the football game?
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What does the comment 'How can you single me out of the crowd?' indicate?
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When we conform or go along with what the group does because we want to be liked, it is often due to ________ influence.
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In Milgram's shock experiments, the maximum level of shock was administered by about ________ percent of the participants.
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What does Stanley Milgram's shock experiment illustrate?
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What is the main conclusion from Milgram's shock experiments?
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What is Jill's change in attitude towards dancing an example of?
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What term describes the behavior of changing actions to match others, as seen in class?
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What is the term for the force pushing Alan to start smoking despite no external pressure?
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Love that is a state of intense longing and desire is ________ love. Love that is a strong commitment to care for and support a partner is ________ love.
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What brain structures are associated with passionate love?
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What concept explains why bystanders do not intervene in emergencies?
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_________________ says that the more people around, the less likely someone is to get help.
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Study Notes
Familiarity
- Increased exposure to a person or object can enhance one’s affinity toward it.
- Example: Edward's growing positive attitude towards Bella is driven by frequent encounters.
- Baily's perception shifted from dislike to like for an orange sweater after seeing it worn by others frequently.
Social Facilitation
- Performance can be enhanced when in the presence of others.
- Jay’s presentation improved in front of an audience compared to solo practice.
- General phenomenon reflected by enhanced performance due to audience presence.
De-individuation
- Individuals may lose self-awareness and restraint in group situations, leading to impulsive behaviors.
- After an earthquake, mobs looted shops, indicating loss of personal accountability in chaotic settings.
- Payton's behavior at the football game exemplifies acting against personal norms when influenced by group dynamics.
- Comments from arrested rioters reveal a lack of individual accountability, characteristic of de-individuation.
Social Loafing
- In group projects, individuals may rely on others to contribute, leading to some team members underperforming.
- Elena's team experience showcases decreased personal responsibility within a collective task.
Normative Influence
- Conforming to group behavior to gain acceptance or avoid rejection stems from normative influence.
- Jill altered her attitude towards dancing to match her classmates' opinions to fit in.
Obedience and Authority
- Milgram's shock experiments highlighted a high obedience rate with 65% administering maximum shocks when instructed by an authority figure.
- Main conclusion reveals that ordinary individuals can commit harmful acts under authoritative commands.
Conformity
- Situational adjustments to behavior based on social pressure illustrate conformity.
- Alan feels compelled to smoke despite his personal reluctance due to peer influence.
Love
- Distinction between passionate love (intense longing) and companionate love (strong commitment) is crucial in understanding romantic relationships.
- Passionate love is linked to increased activity in brain's dopamine reward systems.
Diffusion of Responsibility and The Bystander Effect
- Bystander Effect explains the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim in the presence of others.
- The murder of Kitty Genovese exemplifies diffusion of responsibility, with bystanders assuming someone else would intervene.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 12 concepts in psychology with these flashcards. Focus on key terms like familiarity and social influence as you explore how attitudes can change over time. Challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of psychological principles.
