Podcast
Questions and Answers
Preexisting groups defined by age are examined in a?
Preexisting groups defined by age are examined in a?
cross-sectional developmental design
What is a quasi-experimental research strategy consisting of a series of observations before and after a treatment?
What is a quasi-experimental research strategy consisting of a series of observations before and after a treatment?
time-series design
What is a developmental design comparing different groups of individuals, each representing a different age?
What is a developmental design comparing different groups of individuals, each representing a different age?
cross-sectional developmental research design
What is a developmental research strategy that makes a series of observations or measurements over time?
What is a developmental research strategy that makes a series of observations or measurements over time?
What term describes the loss of participants during the course of a research study conducted over time?
What term describes the loss of participants during the course of a research study conducted over time?
What evaluation measures mean differences on the same measure for subjects measured at different times?
What evaluation measures mean differences on the same measure for subjects measured at different times?
What is a nonexperimental research design used to examine the relationship between age and other variables?
What is a nonexperimental research design used to examine the relationship between age and other variables?
What occurrence happens when participants' responses are affected by participation in an earlier treatment?
What occurrence happens when participants' responses are affected by participation in an earlier treatment?
Which design is a within-subjects design?
Which design is a within-subjects design?
A nonequivalent groups design is characterized by?
A nonequivalent groups design is characterized by?
A _________ research design is a research study that simply compares preexisting groups.
A _________ research design is a research study that simply compares preexisting groups.
A posttest-only nonequivalent control group design may also be called?
A posttest-only nonequivalent control group design may also be called?
What type of design is illustrated by the preceding diagram?
What type of design is illustrated by the preceding diagram?
What type of design is illustrated by the diagram?
What type of design is illustrated by the diagram?
Groups of individuals who were born at roughly the same time and grew up under similar circumstances are called?
Groups of individuals who were born at roughly the same time and grew up under similar circumstances are called?
A strength of the longitudinal design is that it:
A strength of the longitudinal design is that it:
A strength of the cross-sectional design is that:
A strength of the cross-sectional design is that:
Complete the following statement to describe the two categories of nonexperimental and quasi-experimental designs. A between-subjects nonexperimental or quasi-experimental design is called a () design, while a within-subjects nonexperimental or quasi-experimental design is called a () design.
Complete the following statement to describe the two categories of nonexperimental and quasi-experimental designs. A between-subjects nonexperimental or quasi-experimental design is called a () design, while a within-subjects nonexperimental or quasi-experimental design is called a () design.
Identify the type of design being described: Lisa wants to know whether any of the stereotypes about dog and cat owners are true. She recruits a group of individuals who describe themselves as dog people and a group who describe themselves as cat people and gives both groups a personality test.
Identify the type of design being described: Lisa wants to know whether any of the stereotypes about dog and cat owners are true. She recruits a group of individuals who describe themselves as dog people and a group who describe themselves as cat people and gives both groups a personality test.
Identify the type of design being described: Colleen is interested in preventing adolescents from ever starting to use tobacco. She assesses both groups before and after the programming.
Identify the type of design being described: Colleen is interested in preventing adolescents from ever starting to use tobacco. She assesses both groups before and after the programming.
Identify the type of design being described: Julie measures the children's self-esteem after an intervention and compares it to another group.
Identify the type of design being described: Julie measures the children's self-esteem after an intervention and compares it to another group.
Identify the analysis that is appropriate for a pretest-posttest nonequivalent groups design with an interval or ratio outcome measure.
Identify the analysis that is appropriate for a pretest-posttest nonequivalent groups design with an interval or ratio outcome measure.
Identify the analysis that is appropriate for a differential design.
Identify the analysis that is appropriate for a differential design.
Identify the analysis that is appropriate for a pretest-posttest design.
Identify the analysis that is appropriate for a pretest-posttest design.
What is a quasi-independent variable?
What is a quasi-independent variable?
Define 'cohort'.
Define 'cohort'.
What is a cohort effect?
What is a cohort effect?
What is a nonequivalent group design?
What is a nonequivalent group design?
What is the definition of a differential research design?
What is the definition of a differential research design?
What is a posttest-only nonequivalent control group design?
What is a posttest-only nonequivalent control group design?
What is a differential effect?
What is a differential effect?
What defines a nonequivalent control group design?
What defines a nonequivalent control group design?
Define pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design.
Define pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design.
What is a pre-post design?
What is a pre-post design?
What is a pretest-posttest design?
What is a pretest-posttest design?
Define interrupted time-series design.
Define interrupted time-series design.
Study Notes
Developmental Research Designs
- Cross-sectional Design: Evaluates preexisting groups defined by age, comparing different age groups at a single point in time.
- Longitudinal Design: Involves multiple observations over time, tracking the same individuals to study changes and developments.
- Cohorts: Groups of individuals born around the same time and sharing similar experiences, crucial for understanding age-related changes.
- Cohort Effect: Variability among age groups attributed to experiences other than age itself.
Quasi-Experimental Designs
- Nonequivalent Group Design: Participants are assigned to groups without randomization, leading to potential confounding factors.
- Posttest-Only Nonequivalent Control Group Design: Compares measurements from treatment and control groups after the treatment has been introduced.
- Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group Design: Two groups measured before and after treatment to gauge treatment effects, useful for controlling variables.
Research Strategies and Analyses
- Differential Research Design: Compares preexisting groups based on characteristics instead of through random assignment, serving as a nonexperimental method.
- Time-Series Design: Measures multiple observations before and after an event, providing insights into trends and changes over time.
Measurement and Effects
- Participant Attrition: Loss of subjects during a study, particularly relevant in longitudinal research impacting results.
- Testing Effect: Earlier participation can affect responses in later tests, posing a threat to internal validity.
Statistical Analysis
- Repeated-Measures T Test: Examines mean differences within the same subjects over different times.
- Two-Factor Mixed-Design ANOVA: Appropriate for analyzing data from pretest-posttest nonequivalent groups utilizing numerical scores.
- T Test for Independent Means: Used to compare means between different groups, essential in differential designs.
Design Limitations
- Individual Differences: Key challenge in nonequivalent designs, where variations between subjects can affect results.
- Cohort Effects and Generational Effects: Important considerations in cross-sectional designs, where results may be influenced by the unique characteristics of age groups.
Additional Considerations
- Quasi-Independent Variable: Differentiates between groups used in quasi-experimental research, impacting the interpretation of results.
- Developmental Research Design Goals: Aims to analyze the impact of age on various variables, critical for understanding developmental psychology.
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Description
Test your understanding of nonexperimental and quasi-experimental strategies in psychology with this Chapter 10 quiz. It covers key concepts such as developmental designs and the analysis of preexisting groups. Perfect for psychology students looking to reinforce their knowledge.
