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Questions and Answers
What class of medication is primarily used to treat symptoms of psychosis?
Which side effect is commonly associated with conventional antipsychotics?
What is a major risk when combining MAOIs and SSRIs?
Which symptom is NOT a common side effect of SSRIs?
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What is an appropriate management strategy for constipation caused by antipsychotic medication?
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How should SSRIs be administered to optimize their effectiveness?
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What chronic condition may develop due to the side effects of antipsychotic drugs?
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Which assessment should NOT be a priority for patients taking cyclic antidepressants?
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What is the primary reason for gathering background information before meeting a client?
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Which of the following is NOT a goal of therapeutic communication?
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During which phase of the nurse-client relationship is goal creation and direction established?
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What is a major risk associated with the nurse-client relationship?
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What is meant by congruent messages in nonverbal communication?
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What distance is considered most comfortable for therapeutic communication between a nurse and a client?
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Why must the nurse evaluate the use of touch in therapeutic communication?
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What kind of feelings should a nurse avoid foster in the client during a therapeutic relationship?
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What is the primary purpose of active listening in a therapeutic setting?
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Which of the following best describes assertive communication?
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What type of questions should be primarily used when initiating an assessment with a client?
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During a therapeutic communication session, what is key to establishing a successful client relationship?
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When should a nurse utilize directive communication?
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What characterizes passive communication?
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In a therapeutic assessment, which of the following factors should the nurse assess?
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What kind of responses can be anticipated when communication is ineffective?
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What is considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
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Which symptom involves the patient exhibiting a lack of emotional expression?
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What term describes the phenomenon of rapidly jumping from one topic to another in conversation?
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Which type of symptoms are characterized as negative in schizophrenia?
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What is the primary criterion for diagnosing schizophrenia?
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Which of the following symptoms reflects an inability to concentrate or focus?
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What is referred to as a fixed false belief that cannot be changed?
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Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a lack of pleasure in life and activities?
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What describes tangential thinking?
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Which approach is recommended for handling anger in a healthcare setting?
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Flight of ideas with broadcasting may indicate symptoms of which disorder?
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What is transference in a therapeutic context?
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Which therapeutic communication technique involves providing feedback on the patient's comments?
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What is the primary goal of therapeutic communication?
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Which technique is NOT typically used in therapeutic communication?
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How should time-out strategies be introduced to patients?
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Study Notes
Mental Health Issues and Concerns
- Revolving door phenomenon: patients with mental illness frequently go in and out of care settings without sustained improvement.
Antipsychotic Drugs
- Conventional/TYPICAL Antipsychotics: Traditional medications used primarily to manage symptoms of psychosis.
- Atypical Antipsychotics: Newer agents that often have a better side effect profile and treat symptoms of psychosis.
- Mechanism of Action: Primarily block dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing psychotic symptoms.
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Common Side Effects:
- EPS: Includes dystonic reactions, akathisia, and parkinsonism.
- Anticholinergic Symptoms: Can lead to dry mouth, constipation, and urinary hesitancy.
- Weight Gain: Notable side effect influencing adherence and health.
- Metabolic Syndrome: Increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular issues.
- Erectile Dysfunction: Affects quality of life and treatment adherence.
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Client Teaching:
- Importance of adherence to the medication regimen.
- Strategies for managing side effects, including diet and hydration.
- Guidance on actions for missed doses, ensuring continuity in treatment.
Antidepressants
- Tricyclic Antidepressants: Older class with a range of side effects.
- SSRIs: Currently the most common antidepressants with a favorable side effect profile.
- MAOIs: Effective but come with significant dietary restrictions and interactions.
- Serotonin Syndrome: Dangerous condition can occur when MAOIs are combined with SSRIs, leading to severe symptoms like agitation and hyperreflexia.
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Side Effects:
- SSRIs: Include anxiety, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction.
- Cyclic Antidepressants: Anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension, and sedation.
- MAOIs: Sedation, hypertensive crisis with tyramine-rich foods.
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Client Teaching:
- Timing of dosages: SSRIs typically taken in the morning, cyclic compounds at night.
- Recommendations for managing missed doses, including adjustment according to time.
Mood-Stabilizing Drugs
- Nurses should gather comprehensive client background information to tailor care.
- Establishing trust and therapeutic environments is essential for treatment efficacy.
- Stages of therapeutic relationships:
- Identification: Identifying client issues.
- Exploitation: Collaborating on goals and directions for care.
- Termination: Reviewing outcomes and resolving problems.
Therapeutic Relationships
- Avoid inappropriate boundaries that can lead to social or intimate connections.
- Be aware of warning signs of relationship abuse to maintain professionalism.
Verbal and Nonverbal Communication
- Verbal: Focus on both content (words) and context (situation).
- Nonverbal: Essential for conveying emotions and concepts; can be congruent or incongruent with verbal messages.
Goals of Therapeutic Communication
- Establish a supportive nurse-client relationship.
- Recognize and address client needs effectively.
- Facilitate emotional expression and self-care skills teaching.
Therapeutic Communication Techniques
- Active listening: crucial for understanding client concerns and preventing misinterpretation.
- Build rapport through skilled questioning and open dialogue.
- Techniques range from clarification to summarization, ensuring accurate communication and understanding.
Assessment and Interviewing
- Environment: Should be comfortable, safe, and free from distractions.
- Comprehensive assessment includes history, appearance, behavior, and mood- affect observations.
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Positive Symptoms: Include delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking.
- Negative Symptoms: Such as blunted affect, anhedonia, and social withdrawal, provide insight into the illness's impact on functioning.
Course of Schizophrenia
- Diagnosis begins with active positive symptoms; disorganized thinking complicates effective communication.
Additional Techniques for Management
- Time-Out for Anger: Allows patients to step back from triggering situations, encouraging self-control.
- Assertive Communication: Allows expression of needs and emotions clearly without aggression or passivity.
Therapeutic Communication Skills
- Focus on building an effective therapeutic alliance through dialogue techniques and maintaining appropriate emotional distance from clients.
- Understanding transference and countertransference dynamics is critical for providing effective support.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts from chapters 1-5 and 11 of mental health, focusing on schizophrenia and the related antipsychotic drugs. It includes discussions on issues such as revolving door patients, types of antipsychotics, their mechanisms, and side effects. Review the provided charts for a deeper understanding of these critical topics.
