Psychology: Carl Iver Hovland

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Questions and Answers

What theory did Leon Festinger develop that suggests people seek to minimize discomfort caused by inconsistent beliefs and behaviors?

  • Behaviorist Theory
  • Cognitive Dissonance Theory (correct)
  • Stimulus-Response Theory
  • Social Comparison Theory

Which principle did Leon Festinger famously practice when personally infiltrating a doomsday cult?

  • Attribution Theory
  • Proximity Effect
  • Cognitive Dissonance Theory (correct)
  • Balance Theory

Which psychologist renounced the behaviorist view of social psychology by demonstrating the inadequacy of stimulus-response conditioning accounts of human behavior?

  • Fritz Heider
  • Doomsday Cult Infiltrator
  • Gestalt School Psychologist
  • Leon Festinger (correct)

Which theory did Fritz Heider publish in 1958 that expanded upon his creations of balance theory and attribution theory?

<p>Interpersonal Relations Theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Leon Festinger advance in social psychology that involved both laboratory experimentation and studying real-life situations?

<p>Social Comparison Theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Carl Iver Hovland first report after studying the effects of the propaganda film 'Why We Fight' on soldiers in the Army?

<p>The sleeper effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who did Carl Iver Hovland collaborate with in his later studies on attitude change and persuasion?

<p>Irvin Janis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Carl Iver Hovland, what did one's ability to resist persuasion by a certain group depend on?

<p>Degree of belonging to the group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of attitude change did Carl Iver Hovland develop?

<p>Social judgement theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Carl Iver Hovland conduct path-breaking research on?

<p>Attitude change, propaganda, and persuasion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted a study challenging antigay stereotypes by comparing psychosocial adjustment between gay and heterosexual men?

<p>Evelyn Hooker (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which work by Fritz Heider was highly influential in the development of attribution theory?

<p>The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Evelyn Hooker's study on gay men outside hospital or prison settings lead the American Psychiatric Association to do?

<p>Change its diagnostic manual of mental disorders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field was significantly influenced by Fritz Heider's work?

<p>Social Psychology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of psychological adjustment did Evelyn Hooker's study find no detectable difference between homosexual and heterosexual men?

<p>Mental adjustment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who among the mentioned psychologists developed an eclectic theory based on traits?

<p>Gordon Allport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist emphasized the importance of the present context over past history for understanding personality?

<p>Gordon Allport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who rejected psychoanalytic and behavioral approaches to personality as being either too interpretive or not interpretive enough?

<p>Gordon Allport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist had a profound influence despite being cited less often than other well-known figures?

<p>Gordon Allport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist was a pioneer in social psychology in the United States and contributed seminal work in impression formation and conformity?

<p>Solomon Asch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Henri Tajfel best known for?

<p>Developing the minimal group paradigm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory did Henri Tajfel co-develop with John Turner?

<p>Social Identity Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Norman Triplett's experiment focus on?

<p>Social facilitation effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Henri Tajfel's minimal group paradigm, experimental participants were divided into groups based on what?

<p>Minimally important characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Stanley Hall's dissertation, published in Pedagogical Seminary, focus on?

<p>Psychoanalysis of Freud and Adler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solomon Asch's research focused on which phenomenon?

<p>Obedience to authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological effect did Roger William Brown NOT study?

<p>Group polarization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Gestalt psychology, what does the statement 'the whole is greater than the sum of its parts' imply?

<p>Individual parts have no meaning without the whole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of psychology was Roger Brown particularly associated with?

<p>Developmental psychology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant role did Roger Brown's 1965 textbook 'Social Psychology' play?

<p>It had a central role in training social psychologists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Muzafer Sherif contribute to the field of social psychology?

<p>Establishment of realistic conflict theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topic was NOT studied by Carolyn Wood Sherif?

<p>Cognitive dissonance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Muzafer Sherif investigate in the Robber's Cave experiment?

<p>Intergroup hostility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon was NOT studied by Muzafer Sherif?

<p>Gender identity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area of research is associated with Carolyn Wood Sherif?

<p>Persuasion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory did Muzafer Sherif help develop?

<p>Realistic conflict theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What research technique is Muzafer Sherif known for introducing?

<p>Robber's Cave experiment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist conducted studies on norm formation?

<p>Carolyn Wood Sherif (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon did Muzafer Sherif study that involved overcoming intergroup hostility through superordinate goals?

<p>Group conflict (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topic did Carolyn Wood Sherif NOT research?

<p>Overeating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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