Psychology Bias Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is present/present bias?

  • Failing to notice both what is present and what is absent
  • Noticing what is present but failing to notice what is absent (correct)
  • Noticing both what is present and what is absent equally
  • Noticing what is absent but failing to notice what is present

What is an example of confirmation bias?

  • A detective seeking evidence that supports his early suspect identification (correct)
  • A detective considering all evidence objectively
  • A detective ignoring evidence that supports his early suspect identification
  • A detective randomly selecting a suspect without evidence

What does the availability heuristic lead people to do?

  • Correctly estimate the frequency of events when they are particularly salient
  • Ignore the frequency of events when they are particularly salient
  • Underestimate the frequency of events when they are particularly salient
  • Overestimate the frequency of events when they are particularly salient (correct)

What is the bias blind spot?

<p>The tendency to think one is less likely to engage in biased reasoning compared to others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of bias blind spot?

<p>Believing one is less susceptible to confirmation bias than others (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the present/present bias?

<p>Tendency to notice what is present and fail to notice what is absent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of confirmation bias?

<p>A detective seeking evidence to support an early suspect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the availability heuristic?

<p>Tendency to overestimate the frequency of events when they are particularly salient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bias blind spot?

<p>Tendency to think one is less likely to engage in biased reasoning compared to others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of present/present bias?

<p>Failure to consider appropriate comparison groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Present/Present Bias

  • A cognitive bias where individuals focus on the presence of certain events or outcomes while ignoring their absence.
  • Leads to the overvaluation of situations where something occurs in conjunction with something else.
  • Results in skewed decision-making, often favoring immediate rewards over long-term considerations.

Confirmation Bias

  • A tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms one’s pre-existing beliefs.
  • Example: A person who believes in a particular political view only seeks out news that aligns with that view while dismissing contradictory information.

Availability Heuristic

  • A mental shortcut where people base judgments on how easily examples come to mind.
  • Often leads to overestimation of the likelihood of events that are vivid or recently experienced.
  • Can result in fear or misjudgment about risks based on memorable anecdotes rather than statistical data.

Bias Blind Spot

  • The recognition that other people are influenced by biases while being unaware of one’s own biases.
  • This phenomenon leads individuals to perceive themselves as more objective or rational than others, creating a false sense of clarity in their reasoning.

Example of Bias Blind Spot

  • An individual criticizing a colleague for being overly influenced by opinions while failing to see their own susceptibility to similar biases, such as favoritism in workplace decisions.

Outcome of Present/Present Bias

  • Leads to misinterpretation of situations and flawed causal relationships, as individuals may attribute outcomes to actions rather than examining the absence of other variables.
  • Can result in ignoring potential risks and negatively impacting long-term decision-making strategies.

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