Questions and Answers
What is the definition of psychology?
Who founded the first psychology laboratory?
Wilhelm Wundt
What school of psychology did Edward Titchener found?
Structuralism
Who is known as the founder of functionalism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is structuralism?
Signup and view all the answers
How does functionalism differ from structuralism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a case study?
Signup and view all the answers
What is naturalistic observation?
Signup and view all the answers
What does survey research involve?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a random sample?
Signup and view all the answers
What does positive correlation mean?
Signup and view all the answers
What does negative correlation indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the difference between correlation and causation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an experiment in psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an independent variable?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a dependent variable?
Signup and view all the answers
What does random assignment do?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the biological perspective emphasize?
Signup and view all the answers
What are neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
What is action potential?
Signup and view all the answers
What are neurotransmitters?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the death of dopamine-producing cells relate to Parkinson's disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What role does the reticular formation play in personality?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the left hemisphere of the brain?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the right hemisphere of the brain?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the Closure Grouping Principle refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is plasticity in the context of the brain?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Key Concepts in Psychology
- Psychology: Scientific examination of behavior and mental processes.
- Structuralism: Early school emphasizing introspection to uncover the human mind's structure, founded by Wilhelm Wundt.
- Functionalism: Founded by William James; focuses on mental processes' utility and their role in adaptation and survival.
Foundational Figures
- Wilhelm Wundt: Established the first psychology laboratory in 1879, signifying the start of psychology as a science.
- Edward Titchener: Protégé of Wundt, emphasized structuralism in psychology.
Research Methods
- Case Study: In-depth observation method targeting one individual to uncover broader principles.
- Naturalistic Observation: Watching behavior in natural settings without interference.
- Survey Research: Method of data collection through questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
Sampling Techniques
- Random Sample: Each population member has an equal chance of being chosen, ensuring representativeness.
Correlation
- Positive Correlation: Both variables increase or decrease together.
- Negative Correlation: One variable increases while the other decreases.
- Correlation vs. Causation: Correlation indicates a relationship, but it does not imply causation; one does not necessarily cause the other.
Experimental Design
- Experiment: Controlled method involving manipulation of independent variables to assess effects on dependent variables.
- Independent Variable: Factor that is manipulated; its effect is studied.
- Dependent Variable: Outcome factor affected by changes in the independent variable.
- Random Assignment: Participants are assigned to different groups randomly to eliminate biases.
Biological Influences
- Biological Perspective: Focus on the interplay between bodily processes and psychological phenomena.
- Neurons: Basic cells in the nervous system responsible for information transmission.
- Action Potential: Brief electrical signal moving along an axon, crucial for neuron communication.
Neurotransmitters and Disorders
- Neurotransmitters: Chemicals enabling communication between neurons across synapses.
- Dopamine and Parkinson's Disease: Deficiency in dopamine-producing neurons leads to this movement disorder characterized by tremors and rigidity.
Brain Structure and Function
- Reticular Formation: Cluster of neurons in the brainstem controlling arousal; personality traits influence arousal levels.
- Left Hemisphere: Associated with logical functions like mathematics and language, controls right body movements.
- Right Hemisphere: Handles non-verbal and spatial tasks, governs movements on the left side.
Perception Principles
- Closure Grouping Principle: The brain’s tendency to fill in gaps, perceiving incomplete figures as whole.
- Plasticity: The brain's ability to adapt through reorganization after injury, particularly prominent in children.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Psychology 100. From the definition of psychology to influential figures like Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener, this quiz is perfect for exam preparation. Get ready to enhance your understanding of the basics of psychology.
