Psychologie Générale - QCU - Corrigé

Psychologie Générale - QCU - Corrigé

• Conditionnement opérant (punition): Decreases the frequency of an unwanted behavior.
• Gestalt Theory (Vase): Perceived as a vase due to the principle of closure (the closed shape is more prominent).
• Stroop Test: Reading the word's color is slower than naming the color it's written in. Color naming is hindered by reading the word.
• Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development: Knowledge structures that constantly evolve, but not innately, as schemas.
• Re-formulating an Enunciation: A cognitive ability used to find solutions by restructuring problem elements.
• Chomsky's Analysis: Critiques Skinner's theory of verbal behavior; proposed a structural analysis of language: generative grammar.
• Operant Conditioning (Pigeon): Generalization is demonstrated when a pigeon is trained to respond to one wavelength of light (e.g., red) and then responds to other wavelengths.
• Piaget's Stages of Schema Development: Primarily, sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operations are the sequential stages.
• Bruner’s Perceptual Hypotheses: Different subjects perceive the same image (a drawing) differently (e.g., an Eskimo versus a face).
• Classical Conditioning (Association): Formation of an association between an unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned stimulus.
• Gestalt Principles: Principles like proximity, similarity, closure, and continuity that help us organize perceptual sensations and form meaningful whole perceptions.
• Bartlett's Memory: Proposes that memories are altered as they are communicated.

Psychology - Additional Concepts

• General Problem Solver (GPS): Resolves problems through a systematic procedure of analyzing the problem, developing steps and testing the results, aiming to reduce the gap between the beginning and end of the process.
• Operant Conditioning: Operant behavior changes on the basis of associations between responses and their consequences (e.g., rewards and punishments).
• Evolutionism: Evolutionary processes are driven by natural selection.
• Cognitivism: Study examines mental processes such as memory, language, problem-solving and decision-making.
• Cognitive Processes: A combination of mental processes, like attention, memory, and language, responsible for acquiring and processing information.
• Representation of the Mental: Mental representation varies from reality's depiction, being influenced by subjective factors, specific contexts, or attention to details.
• Gestalt Theory: Considers the human mind perceiving as a whole rather than separate elements. Focuses on organizing and structuring parts into meaningful wholes.
• Perception: How we receive and interpret sensory information from the world.
• Memory Processes: Mental processes relevant to remembering information including encoding, storage, and retrieval.
• Cognitive Psychology: Focuses on mental processes, including memory, language, attention, problem-solving, and decision-making.
• Philosophical Approaches (Dualism, Rationalism, Empiricism): Historical perspectives on the relationship between mind and body, contrasting the rationalistic and empirical approaches to knowledge, which impact the understanding of cognition.

Ce quiz porte sur divers concepts de la psychologie générale, notamment le conditionnement opérant, la théorie de la Gestalt et les stades de développement cognitif selon Piaget. Testez vos connaissances sur des notions clés comme le test de Stroop et l'analyse de Chomsky. Préparez-vous à évaluer votre compréhension des principes psychologiques fondamentaux.