Psychological Disorders Overview

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Intense fear of a specific object or situation.

Chronic, global feelings of unreasonable anxiety. (correct)

Unpredictable episodes of panic attacks.

Intrusive repetitive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with Major Depressive Disorder?

Difficulty concentrating

High energy and euphoria (correct)

Changes in appetite

Dejected expressions

What distinguishes Panic Disorder from other anxiety disorders?

Compulsive behaviors to alleviate anxiety.

Sudden, unpredictable panic attacks. (correct)

Presence of phobias.

Chronic, global anxiety.

Which of the following correctly describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Persistent anxiety caused by intrusive thoughts relieved by repetitive behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is commonly associated with seasonal changes in mood?

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Signup and view all the answers

In which disorder would you expect to find emotional numbness as a symptom?

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is false regarding Bipolar Disorder?

It only includes episodes of major depressive disorder. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a feature of Cyclothymic Disorder?

Chronic low-grade depressed feelings. Signup and view all the answers

What type of fear characterizes phobias?

Unreasonable fear that leads to avoidance. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cognitive symptom of Major Depressive Disorder?

Difficulty thinking and concentrating. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

Distorted self-image Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of borderline personality disorder?

Stable self-image Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes binge-eating disorder from bulimia nervosa?

Recurring episodes of binge eating Signup and view all the answers

What best defines dissociative fugue?

Identity confusion and unexplained wandering Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is classified as a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Delusions Signup and view all the answers

What is a misconception about dissociative identity disorder (DID)?

It is recognized universally by clinicians Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characterizes antisocial personality disorder?

Pattern of manipulating and harming others Signup and view all the answers

How does the pattern of eating differ between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Anorexia involves severe food restriction Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is NOT associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Hallucinations Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most associated with dissociative amnesia?

Loss of recall for personal information Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychological Disorders

Psychological disorders or mental disorders involve behavioral and psychological patterns that cause distress and impairment.
The scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders is psychopathology.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) provides information and criteria for over 260 mental illnesses.

Anxiety Disorders

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): persistent and excessive worry
Panic Disorder: sudden episodes of intense fear (panic attacks)
Phobias: intense fear of specific objects or situations (e.g., social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): intrusive thoughts (obsessions) relieved by compulsive behaviors
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): a reaction to trauma (e.g., intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, emotional numbness)

Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

Major Depressive Disorder: characterized by emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and physical symptoms, including sadness, hopelessness, and difficulty concentrating
Bipolar Disorder: alternating periods of mania (elevated mood, energy, and racing thoughts) and depression
Cyclothymic Disorder: frequent mood swings, less severe than bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): depression episodes that occur during fall and winter due to reduced sunlight exposure
Persistent Depressive Disorder: chronic, low-grade depression

Eating Disorders

Anorexia nervosa: severe food restriction, intense fear of gaining weight, distorted body image
Bulimia nervosa: episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors
Binge-eating disorder: uncontrollable episodes of binge eating, not associated with weight control methods

Personality Disorders

Antisocial personality disorder: pattern of deceitfulness, manipulation, and disregard for others
Borderline personality disorder: unstable self-image, relationships, and emotions, fear of abandonment, impulsivity

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative amnesia: inability to recall personal information
Dissociative fugue: sudden wandering away from home with identity confusion
Dissociative identity disorder (DID): multiple distinct identities (alters) with memory disruptions of personal identity

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia: severe mental disorder involving distorted thoughts, beliefs, and perceptions
Positive symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thoughts, speech, and behavior
Negative symptoms: flat affect, alogia (reduced speech), avolition (lack of motivation)

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Description

Explore the world of psychological disorders, including anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and the study of psychopathology. This quiz covers major concepts, symptoms, and classifications of mental health conditions as outlined in the DSM. Test your knowledge on various disorders and their impact on individuals.