Psychological Disorders Models
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the Psychoanalytical Model in understanding psychological disorders?

  • Social and environmental factors
  • Biological processes and genetic predispositions
  • Unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences (correct)
  • Learned behaviors and cognitive processes
  • What is the name of the classification system used for diagnosing and treating psychological disorders?

  • WHO Classification
  • ICD-10
  • DSM V-TR (correct)
  • ICF
  • What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes Mania from Hypomania?

  • Age of onset
  • Duration of the episode (correct)
  • Presence of psychotic symptoms
  • Intensity of the episode
  • Which type of anxiety disorder is characterized by intense, irrational fears that impact daily life?

    <p>Specific Phobia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a predisposition to disorders that is activated by stress?

    <p>Diathesis-Stress Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is characterized by inflexible and maladaptive thinking and behavior patterns?

    <p>Personality Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Schizophrenia?

    <p>Heredity and Dopamine/Glutamate faulty regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is characterized by attention deficit, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity?

    <p>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

    <p>Fear of rejection by others leading to social isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Borderline Personality Disorder?

    <p>Instability in self-image, mood, and interpersonal relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Perspectives on Psychological Disorders

    • Biological Model: Links disorders to biological processes
    • Psychoanalytical Model: Focuses on unconscious conflicts
    • Cognitive-Behavioral Model: Emphasizes learned behaviors and cognitive processes
    • Diathesis-Stress Model: Suggests a predisposition to disorders activated by stress
    • Systems Theory (Biopsychosocial Approach): Integrates biological, psychological, and social factors

    Classifying Abnormal Behaviors

    • Uses DSM V-TR for diagnostic criteria

    Mood Disorders

    • Depression: Persistent sadness, lack of interest in activities
    • Types of depression:
      • Major depressive disorder: An episode of intense sadness lasting at least 2 weeks and may continue to months
      • Persistent Depressive Disorder or Dysthymia: Symptoms are less severe than MDD but are present on most days and persistent for at least 2 years
    • Suicide: Asking about suicide does not cause it
    • Bipolar Disorder: Alternating periods of mania and depression
    • Mania/ Hypomania: More severe than Hypomania and may include psychosis
      • Mania occurs for at least 7 days and Hypomania occurs for 4 days

    Anxiety Disorders

    • Specific Phobias: Intense, irrational fears impacting life
      • Examples: Agoraphobia (intense fear of crowds and public places)
    • Panic Disorder: Sudden, intense fear without real danger, includes physical symptoms
    • Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Prolonged fear not attached to specific objects
    • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Compulsions and obsessions that disrupt daily life

    Personality Disorders

    • Types include:
      • Schizoid: Lacks the feelings of others
      • Paranoid: Inappropriately suspicious and mistrustful of others
      • Avoidant: Fears of rejection by others lead to social isolation
      • Narcissistic: Exaggerated sense of self-importance and needs constant admiration
      • Borderline: Instability in self-image, mood, and interpersonal relationships, self-harm
      • Antisocial: Pattern of violent, criminal, or unethical and exploitative behavior, and inability to feel affection for others
      • Dependent: Unable to make choices and decisions independently and cannot tolerate being alone
    • Characterized by inflexible, maladaptive thinking and behavior patterns

    Schizophrenic Disorders

    • Severe disruptions in thought, communication, emotion; includes delusions and hallucinations
    • Causes of Schizophrenia: Heredity, Dopamine, Glutamate faulty regulation

    Childhood Disorders

    • ADHD: Attention deficit, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity
      • Possibly caused by altered brain functioning involving the frontal lobe
    • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Challenges in social skills, and repetitive behaviors
      • Caused by biological conditions like genetics and brain deformity

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    Description

    Explore the different perspectives on psychological disorders, including biological, psychoanalytical, cognitive-behavioral, diathesis-stress, and systems theory models. Learn how these models are used to classify abnormal behaviors and understand the role of DSM V-TR in diagnosis. Test your knowledge of the various approaches to understanding psychological disorders.

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