Psychological Development Overview

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Questions and Answers

What does the concept of development refer to?

Development refers to the study of the characteristics and transformations of individuals throughout life, encompassing those aspects that change consistently while others remain constant over time.

What is the main difference between 'psychology of development' and 'psychology of the child'?

While 'psychology of development' encompasses the study of change and stability across the lifespan, 'psychology of the child' specifically focuses on childhood years and developmental stages.

What are the central aspects of developmental psychology?

  • Describing stable aspects of development over a lifespan, typically from birth to 15 years old. (correct)
  • Explaining the mechanisms of transformations that underlie development. (correct)
  • Predicting and anticipating developmental changes and needs. (correct)
  • Proposing interventions that support the optimal development of individuals. (correct)
  • All of the above

What are the four key domains of developmental psychology discussed in the text?

<p>Affective, Cognitive, Social, Psychomotor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Development is a complex process built upon a ______ of strategies that individuals gradually learn and master to understand and interact with the world around them.

<p>baggage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals can only engage in development through intentional and conscious efforts.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the social domain play in development?

<p>The social domain encompasses the development of social skills, navigating relationships, and understanding social norms and expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the cognitive domain in development?

<p>The cognitive domain addresses the development ofthinking, learning, memory, and problem-solving skills, which are essential for navigating and understanding the world around us.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core focus of the psychomotor domain in development?

<p>The psychomotor domain emphasizes the development of physical skills, coordination, and motor abilities, which are essential for engaging in the world and interacting with our environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the affective domain in development?

<p>The affective domain focuses on an individual's emotional world, encompassing the development of feelings, self-regulation, and their ability to understand and manage their emotions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of development in terms of its potential to shape our lives?

<p>Development is significant because it provides individuals with the skills and knowledge they need to navigate the world. Development is a lifelong process and is shaped by various factors. It allows individuals to develop a deeper understanding of their emotions, to learn new information, and to grow as individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Psychology of Development

The scientific study of how people change and stay the same throughout their lives.

Global Concept of the Individual

A view that sees development as a gradual and continuous process across all aspects of a person's life.

Describe Changes

Describing the changes and milestones that occur in a person's development from age 0 to 15.

Explain Mechanisms

Explaining how and why people change as they grow.

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Predict Changes

Predicting what changes might occur in a person's development.

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Propose Interventions

Suggesting ways to help children develop their full potential.

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Affective Domain

The development of emotions, how to regulate them, and understanding others' emotions.

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Social Domain

The development of social skills and building relationships.

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Cognitive Domain

The development of mental processes such as thinking, remembering, and problem-solving.

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Language Domain

The gradual development of a child's language skills to communicate and interact with others.

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Singular Events

Events in a person's life that mark significant changes, often occurring around ages 30 and 40.

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Multidirectional Development

The idea that life events are not linear but happen in multiple directions, involving both positive and negative influences.

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Multicontextual Development

The concept that development is influenced by a person's social and economic environment, including factors like family structure and socioeconomic status.

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Historical Context

The idea that development is shaped by historical events and the time period in which a person lives.

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Multicultural Development

The idea that development is influenced by a person's culture, including their beliefs, values, and practices.

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Nature

The idea that certain traits are inherited from genes, influencing a person's characteristics.

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Nurture

The idea that experiences, interactions, and environmental factors shape a person's development.

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Nature vs. Nurture Interaction

The current understanding that both genetic inheritance and environmental factors interact to shape a person's development.

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Emerging Approaches

Innovative ideas, models, and methods used by researchers to understand human development.

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Epigenetics

Studies that look at how environmental factors and experiences during childhood can affect how genes are expressed.

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Epigenome

The set of modifications that affect DNA, influencing gene expression.

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Ecological Theory of Bronfenbrenner

A theory that emphasizes the interconnected systems that influence a child's development, from the immediate environment (family) to larger societal influences.

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Macrosystem

The cultural values, beliefs, and ideologies that shape a society.

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Exosystem

The environmental contexts that indirectly affect a child's development, such as the parent's workplace.

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Mesosystem

The interactions between different systems, such as the relationship between parents and teachers.

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Microsystem

A child's immediate environment, including their family, school, and peers.

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Ontosystem

The unique characteristics, skills, and abilities of an individual.

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Development Characteristic

Any specific characteristic that changes or remains constant during an individual's life.

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Developmental Change Analysis

The process of describing and explaining how a characteristic changes during development.

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Developmental Prediction

The process of predicting what will happen to a characteristic in the future.

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Developmental Intervention

The process of suggesting interventions to enhance or address developmental challenges.

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Study Notes

Psychological Development

  • Psychology studies the characteristics of individuals and how they change throughout their lives.
  • Psychological development is a gradual and continuous process that affects all aspects of a person's life.
  • This process is not linear but includes various stages and domains.
  • Development in one area can affect others.
  • Development can be influenced by different factors, including social, physical, and cultural contexts.

Different Domains

  • Affective domain: emotions, feelings and relationships.
  • Cognitive domain: thoughts, reasoning, and learning.
  • Social domain: interpersonal relationships, friendships, peer interactions.
  • Physical domain: biological changes, growth and development.

Developmental Concepts

  • Development is multidirectional: Aspects of development change over time in different ways. It’s not just growth, it includes declines and stabilizations.
  • Development is multi-contextual: Various social, environmental, and cultural backgrounds affect development.
  • Development is multicultural: Cultural differences affect how people develop.
  • Development is multidisciplinary: Different perspectives are used to understand how people develop and change, such as psychology, biology, sociology.
  • Nature vs. nurture: The debate about the relative contributions of inherited traits and environmental factors.
  • Continuous vs. discontinuous: The debate about development which changes gradually throughout the lifespan vs. development occurring in specific stages.
  • Normative vs. non-normative: The prevalence of universal changes versus unique experiences that cause changes.

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