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What is the purpose of transforming original, unsocially acceptable motives into more socially acceptable ones?
What is the purpose of transforming original, unsocially acceptable motives into more socially acceptable ones?
- To reduce guilt and promote acceptance (correct)
- To suppress the id
- To heighten aggression
- To increase anxiety levels
Which of the following can be considered an example of transformation of motives as mentioned in the text?
Which of the following can be considered an example of transformation of motives as mentioned in the text?
- Becoming more aggressive
- Pursuing a career in painting (correct)
- Engaging in sadistic behavior
- Suppressing all impulses
What is the role of ego defense mechanisms as described in the text?
What is the role of ego defense mechanisms as described in the text?
- Enhancing anxiety levels
- Creating a barrier to protect the ego from discomforting experiences (correct)
- Exposing forbidden impulses
- Promoting self-deception
How do defense mechanisms contribute to distorting reality, according to the text?
How do defense mechanisms contribute to distorting reality, according to the text?
Which defense mechanism is described as the primary or initial one that renders threatening impulses unconscious?
Which defense mechanism is described as the primary or initial one that renders threatening impulses unconscious?
What is a possible outcome of acknowledging forbidden motives according to the text?
What is a possible outcome of acknowledging forbidden motives according to the text?
What is intellectualization?
What is intellectualization?
How does intellectualization differ from isolation?
How does intellectualization differ from isolation?
When a psychologist uses intellectualization, what might they be doing?
When a psychologist uses intellectualization, what might they be doing?
What happens to repressed feelings in intellectualization?
What happens to repressed feelings in intellectualization?
In sublimation, what happens to sexual and aggressive energy?
In sublimation, what happens to sexual and aggressive energy?
Why would a person use sublimation as a defense mechanism?
Why would a person use sublimation as a defense mechanism?
Which defense mechanism involves a rapist blaming the victim for the act?
Which defense mechanism involves a rapist blaming the victim for the act?
In the context of the text, what defense mechanism is displayed when a man accuses his wife of infidelity when he himself is unfaithful?
In the context of the text, what defense mechanism is displayed when a man accuses his wife of infidelity when he himself is unfaithful?
Which defense mechanism is described when a married woman going out with other men becomes suspicious of her husband?
Which defense mechanism is described when a married woman going out with other men becomes suspicious of her husband?
What defense mechanism is exemplified by a person believing that someone else is trying to seduce them at a family gathering?
What defense mechanism is exemplified by a person believing that someone else is trying to seduce them at a family gathering?
When a child blames another child for something they themselves want, which defense mechanism is at play?
When a child blames another child for something they themselves want, which defense mechanism is at play?
What defense mechanism allows individuals to talk about traumatic events without showing emotion by separating feelings from memories?
What defense mechanism allows individuals to talk about traumatic events without showing emotion by separating feelings from memories?
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Study Notes
Defense Mechanisms
- Energy is exchanged and directed toward different objects through the mechanism of defense during transformation.
- The purpose of transformation is to make original, unsocially acceptable motives into more socially acceptable ones.
Transformation of Motives
- Ego transforms original motives, such as sadism, aggressive impulses, and sex, into more acceptable ones, like surgery or a career in painting.
- This transformation reduces guilt and promotes acceptance.
Psychological Defenses
- According to Freud's theory, the id, ego, and super ego are in constant conflict, with the id seeking recognition of forbidden impulses, while the super ego suppresses them.
- Ego defense mechanisms create a barrier around the ego to protect it from discomforting experiences.
- All defense mechanisms involve self-deception and distortion of reality, attempting to deny the existence of thoughts or motives.
Repression
- Repression is the primary or initial defense mechanism, which represents a massive inhibition of threatening impulses, rendering them unconscious.
- Disturbing thoughts with great personal significance are automatically and unconsciously sunk into the unconscious mind.
Intellectualization
- Intellectualization is a defense mechanism in which a person attempts to detach from a stressful situation by dealing with it in an abstract way.
- This defense mechanism is a continuation of isolation, and it elaborates on it.
- Feelings can be repressed directly in the thinking, and the person feels no emotions because these are repressed with all the energy directed towards abstract thought process.
Sublimation
- In sublimation, the person has very strong motives, which may consist of socially sanctioned sexual or aggressive acts.
- The ego employs the defense mechanism of sublimation, converting the sexual and aggressive energy into socially acceptable activities.
Projection
- Projection is a defense mechanism in which a person attributes their own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else.
- This defense mechanism is commonly used by children, and it involves a refusal to acknowledge one's own motives or desires.
Isolation
- Isolation is a defense mechanism in which the person separates the feelings from the memories and the thoughts and represses only the feelings into the unconscious mind.
- This separation allows the individual to relate the facts of the event without expressing the emotions associated with the traumatic event.
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