Psychological and Philosophical Bases of Inclusivity

Psychological Bases of Special and Inclusive Education

• Piaget's theory emphasizes cognitive development stages, highlighting how children learn through interaction with their environment.
• Bandura's social learning theory focuses on observational learning and modeling behaviors, crucial for developing social skills in inclusive settings.
• Vygotsky introduces the concept of the Zone of Proximal Development, underscoring the role of social interaction in cognitive advancement.
• Lave's situated learning theory suggests that learning is contextually bound and occurs through participation in social practices.

Philosophical Bases of Inclusivity

• Emphasis on inclusivity, advocating that all students, regardless of ability, should have equal access to education.
• Equality in education is identified as a fundamental right, promoting the idea that diverse learning needs should be acknowledged and met.
• Rights-based approach highlights the importance of advocating for the rights of individuals with disabilities within educational systems.

Historical and Sociological Foundations

• Significant international conventions, such as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, support the inclusion of individuals with disabilities in education.
• UNESCO plays a pivotal role in promoting inclusive education policies worldwide.
• Policies like Education for All aim to ensure universal access to quality education, addressing disparities and promoting inclusivity.
• K-12 inclusion policies are designed to support diverse learning needs within the educational curriculum, fostering an inclusive environment for all students.

Legal Bases in Philippine Education

• The Philippine Constitution mandates equal educational opportunities for all, including provisions for individuals with disabilities.
• Specific laws and regulations support the framework for inclusive education, ensuring that educational institutions comply with inclusivity standards and practices.