Psychoanalytical Theories: Freud's Dream Work Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which defense mechanism involves using constructive service to others to receive vicarious satisfaction?

  • Humour
  • Suppression
  • Altruism (correct)
  • Sublimation

    • According to Freud, which aspect of dreaming helps to organize primitive aspects of dreams more coherently?

  • Secondary revision (correct)
  • Displacement
  • Primary process
  • Condensation

    • Which stage involves sexual pleasure in anal functioning?

  • Latency stage
  • Anal stage (correct)
  • Phallic/Oedipal stage
  • Oral stage

    • What is characteristic of the oral stage according to Freud's Psychosexual Stages?

    <p>Drive discharge is via sucking; oral erotogenic zone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Freud's dream work, which characteristic defines the primary process thinking?

    <p>Defies logic and lacks a sense of time and space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates altruism from altruistic surrender as defense mechanisms?

    <p>Satisfying the needs of others at the expense of oneself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary repression and suppression?

    <p>Primary repression occurs before ideas reach consciousness, suppression is mere postponement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Abraham differentiate between early partial genital and later mature genital phases?

    <p>Based on the presence or absence of castration anxiety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Humour' as a mature defense mechanism is used to:

    <p>Highlight amusing aspects of threat signals or outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of the Electra complex in girls?

    <p>Penis envy and blaming the father for absence of penis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at the resolution of the Oedipus and Electra complexes according to Freud?

    <p>Superego develops from introjection of parental values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Anticipation' as a mature defense mechanism involves:

    <p>Planning realistically for future inner discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Oedipus complex involve according to Freud's Psychosexual Stages?

    <p>Desire to exclude the rival parent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defence mechanism involves shifting emotions from one object to another less-threatening one?

    <p>Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Sublimation' as a mature defense mechanism involves:

    <p>Achieving impulse gratification after altering socially objectionable impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defence mechanism involves temporarily altering one's sense of personal identity to avoid emotional distress?

    <p>Dissociation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes rationalization as a defence mechanism?

    <p>Offering rational explanations to justify unacceptable behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defence mechanism involves false but socially acceptable explanations for unacceptable behaviors?

    <p>Rationalisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychoanalytic technique did Freud abandon in favor of free association to uncover the unconscious?

    <p>Cathartic method of abreaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's wish fulfillment theory, dreams are attempts to fulfill what?

    <p>Unconscious wishes through manifest content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using the defence mechanism of dissociation?

    <p>Multiple personalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Freud's dream work, what does the term 'condensation' refer to?

    <p>Combining several unconscious impulses into a single image in dreams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Persona' in Jungian psychology refers to what concept?

    <p>'Mask covering one’s personality'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does repression primarily refer to in terms of defence mechanisms?

    <p>Expelling or withholding from consciousness an idea or feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of life according to Carl Jung's analytical psychology?

    <p>Developing a sense of self-identity through individuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Shadow' in Jungian psychology represents which aspect?

    <p>'Personification of unacceptable aspects of oneself'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term represents the part of the collective unconscious in Jungian psychology that includes universal symbolic images like Hero and Old Wise Man?

    <p>Archetypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Latent content' in Freud's dream analysis refers to what aspect of dreams?

    <p>'Unconscious thoughts and wishes'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves focusing on external reality to avoid expressing inner feelings?

    <p>Intellectualisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Abstract thinking, doubting, indecisiveness, generalizations' are associated with which result of conflict?

    <p>'Disturbing feelings and thoughts'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does intellectualisation differ from rationalization as a defense mechanism?

    <p>Intellectualisation is not an attempt to substantiate instinctual impulses, rationalization is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key process involved in conflict leading to abstract thinking and generalizations?

    <p>Removing personal and emotional components of an event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves irrelevant details being emphasized to avoid perceiving the whole?

    <p>Intellectualisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when conflict leads to disturbing feelings and thoughts ('dissonance')?

    <p>'Dissonance'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible result of conflict leading to gaps in memory as a defense mechanism?

    <p>Gaps in memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Removing personal and emotional components of an event and focusing only on factual aspects' is a process linked with which result of conflict?

    <p>'Disturbing feelings and thoughts'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defence mechanism involves shifting emotions from one object to another less-threatening one?

    <p>Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the defence mechanism of rationalization involve?

    <p>Offering rational explanations to justify attitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Splitting or separating an idea from the affect that accompanies it normally' is linked with which defence mechanism?

    <p>Isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Freud's theory, what is characteristic of reaction formation as a defence mechanism?

    <p>Devotion and self-sacrificing behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using the defence mechanism of dissociation?

    <p>Multiple personalities and amnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defence mechanism involves temporarily altering one's sense of personal identity to avoid emotional distress?

    <p>Dissociation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defence mechanism involves false but socially acceptable explanations for unacceptable behaviors?

    <p>Rationalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Offering false but socially acceptable explanations for unacceptable behaviors' is associated with which defence mechanism?

    <p>Rationalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Abstract thinking, doubting, indecisiveness, generalizations' are symptoms of which process resulting from conflict?

    <p>'Intellectualization'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept in Jungian Analytical Psychology involves representational images with universal symbolic meaning?

    <p>Archetypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Electra complex in girls according to Freud?

    <p>Blaming the mother for absence of a penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of Freud's Psychosexual Stages does the ego develop?

    <p>Oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic differentiates intellectualization from rationalization as a defense mechanism?

    <p>Excessive use of intellectual processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process involved in intellectualization as a defense mechanism?

    <p>Excessively using intellectual processes to avoid affective expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism is closely allied to rationalization but does not attempt to substantiate one's instinctual impulses?

    <p>Intellectualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abstract thinking, doubting, indecisiveness, and generalizations are linked with which result of conflict?

    <p>Disturbing feelings and thoughts ('dissonance')</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What result is associated with conflict that leads to gaps in memory as a defense mechanism?

    <p>Abstract thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is associated with Abraham's division of genital phases in psychosexual development?

    <p>'Partial genital' phase involves early experimentation with sexuality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase involves a wish to have a libidinal relationship with the opposite-sex parent?

    <p>Phallic/Oedipal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Removing personal and emotional components of an event and focusing only on factual aspects' is associated with which type of result of conflict?

    <p>'Dissonance'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Threatening feelings, memories, fears' can lead to gaps in memory due to which defense mechanism process?

    <p>'Repression'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Freud's Dream Work, what does 'irradiation or diffusion' refer to?

    <p>Multiple images representing one unconscious impulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of anal fixation according to Freud's theory?

    <p>OCD-like patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind Freud's dream work regarding 'latent content'?

    <p>Unconscious thoughts and wishes threatening to awaken the dreamer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major fear associated with the Oedipus complex in boys according to Freud?

    <p>Fear of retaliation in the form of castration anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using the defense mechanism of suppression?

    <p>Consciously postponing attention to a conscious impulse or conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage does identification with the aggressor occur according to Freud's theory?

    <p>Phallic/Oedipal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Altruism' as a mature defense mechanism differs from 'altruistic surrender' in that:

    <p>Altruism allows one to focus on troublesome aspects, whereas altruistic surrender satisfies the needs of others to the detriment of the self.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychodynamic theory describes sexual pleasure in anal functioning?

    <p>Freud's Psychosexual Stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Jung's Analytical Psychology, what is the main function of the personal unconscious (PU)?

    <p>Contains repressed individual memories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the 'Anima' in Jung's Analytical Psychology?

    <p>Unconscious feminine aspect of a man</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Freud's 'Persona' and 'Shadow' concepts?

    <p>Persona represents one's personality presented to the world, while Shadow symbolizes repressed memories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Anticipation' as a mature defense mechanism involves:

    <p>Predicting probabilities and planning countermeasures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes a defense mechanism according to the text?

    <p>Descriptions that offer explanations for certain human behaviors and experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves using comedy to express feelings and thoughts overtly without personal discomfort?

    <p>Humour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freud propose as a result of encountering patients who could not recall significant memories?

    <p>'Resistance' caused by largely unconscious forces involved in repression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the 'collective unconscious' (CU) from the 'personal unconscious' (PU) in Jung's Analytical Psychology?

    <p>'CU includes universal symbolic images, while PU contains individual repressed memories'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary process thinking and secondary process according to Freud's Dream Work?

    <p>Primary process is illogical, lacks sense of time and space, and can accept contradictory items simultaneously, while secondary process is logical and has intact time and space boundaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Sublimation' as a mature defense mechanism allows for:

    <p>Channeling socially objectionable impulses into socially acceptable behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Suppression' differs from 'repression' in that suppression:

    <p>Postpones attention to a conscious impulse without avoidance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Defense Mechanisms

    • Altruistic Surrender involves using constructive service to others to receive vicarious satisfaction.
    • Altruism differs from altruistic surrender in that it is not motivated by a need for vicarious satisfaction.
    • Anticipation involves preparing for future possibilities, both positive and negative.
    • Dissociation temporarily alters one's sense of personal identity to avoid emotional distress.
    • Humor allows for the expression of underlying emotions and thoughts in a socially acceptable manner.
    • Intellectualization involves focusing on the intellectual aspects of a situation to avoid experiencing emotional distress.
    • Projection shifts emotions from one object to another less-threatening one.
    • Rationalization involves providing false, but socially acceptable, explanations for unacceptable behaviors.
    • Reaction Formation expresses feelings or behaviors that are the opposite of one's true feelings.
    • Regression returns to a previous stage of development to cope with stress.
    • Repression pushes unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and memories into the unconscious mind.
    • Sublimation channels unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities, often creative ones.
    • Suppression intentionally pushes thoughts and feelings into the unconscious mind, with the expectation that they can be accessed at a later time.

    Freud's Psychosexual Stages

    • The Anal Stage involves sexual pleasure in anal functioning.
    • The Oral Stage is characterized by pleasure derived from sucking and biting.
    • The Oedipus Complex involves a boy's unconscious desire for his mother and the threat of castration by his father.
    • The Electra Complex involves a girl's unconscious desire for her father and the threat of retaliation by her mother.
    • The Genital Stage begins in adolescence and focuses on mature sexual relationships with others.
    • Identification with the Aggressor occurs during the phallic stage, where the child incorporates the values and behavior of the same-sex parent.

    Freud's Theory of Dreams

    • Condensation refers to the merging of multiple ideas or images into one in a dream.
    • Displacement shifts emotions from one object to another in a dream.
    • Irradiation or Diffusion refers to the spreading of emotional intensity from one element of the dream to others.
    • Latent Content represents the underlying meaning of a dream.
    • Manifest Content is the visible content of a dream.
    • Primary Process Thinking is characterized by illogical, unrealistic, and symbolic thinking.
    • Secondary Process Thinking employs logic, reason, and reality-testing.
    • Wish Fulfillment is the idea that dreams are attempts to fulfill unconscious desires.

    Jungian Psychology

    • Anima represents the feminine archetype in men.
    • Animus represents the masculine archetype in women.
    • Collective Unconscious contains universal symbolic images, shared by all humanity.
    • Persona is the public image we present to the world.
    • Shadow represents the repressed, negative, and unacceptable aspects of the personality.
    • Self is the ultimate goal of life, the integration of all aspects of the personality.

    Conflict and Defense Mechanisms

    • Abstract thinking, doubting, indecisiveness, and generalizations can all be consequences of intellectualization as a defense mechanism.
    • Dissonance refers to the internal conflict created by disturbing thoughts and feelings.
    • Gaps in memory can result from repression, where threatening memories are pushed into the unconscious mind.
    • Intellectualization differs from rationalization in its focus on the intellectual aspects of a situation, rather than providing false justifications.
    • Splitting involves separating an idea from its accompanying emotion.
    • Threatening feelings, memories, and fears can lead to gaps in memory through repression.

    Other Key Concepts

    • Early Partial Genital Phase involves a libidinal connection to the opposite-sex parent.
    • Mature Genital Phase involves a mature, reciprocal relationship between two adults.
    • Personal Unconscious (PU) contains repressed experiences and personal memories.
    • Primary Repression involves the unconscious pushing of thoughts, feelings, and memories out of conscious awareness.
    • Suppression involves consciously pushing thoughts and feelings out of conscious awareness, with the expectation that they can be accessed at a later time.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Freud's Dream Work and the mechanisms of condensation, displacement, and symbolic representation in psychoanalytical theories. Explore how innocent images can represent highly charged objects or abstract concepts.

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