Psychoanalysis Overview and Key Concepts
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Questions and Answers

Which key concept in Freudian psychoanalysis refers to thoughts and memories that are not immediately accessible to the conscious mind?

  • Dream interpretation
  • Defense mechanisms
  • Unconscious mind (correct)
  • Repressed trauma

    • What was the title of Sigmund Freud's publication co-authored with Josef Breuer in 1895?

  • The Ego and the Id
  • Beyond the Pleasure Principle
  • The Interpretation of Dreams
  • Studies on Hysteria (correct)

    • What method used in psychoanalysis involves verbalizing thoughts without censorship?

  • Dream interpretation
  • Behavioral modification
  • Free association (correct)
  • Transference analysis

    • Which aspect of psychology does psychoanalysis conflict with, particularly regarding explanations of behavior and development?

    <p>Behaviorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event did Freud partake in during 1909?

    <p>Visit to Clark University in the USA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first to investigate the relationship between trauma and mental illness?

    <p>Jean Martin Charcot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the hysterical symptoms observed by Charcot?

    <p>Physical paralysis, amnesia, and convulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment was commonly used for hysteria before Charcot's findings?

    <p>Hysterectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Studies on Hysteria, what did Freud propose regarding hysterical phenomena?

    <p>They arise from a dissociation of consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shift occurred in Freud's beliefs about hysterical patients over time?

    <p>He ceased believing all had been sexually abused.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of state did Charcot note could be induced by traumatic events?

    <p>Hypnotic state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the nature of hysterical attacks, according to Charcot?

    <p>They are dissociative problems from traumatic experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freud suggest was essential for understanding hysterical phenomena?

    <p>Assuming a psychological dissociation exists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily distinguishes the Structural Theory of Psychoanalysis introduced in 1923?

    <p>It categorizes the psyche into Id, Ego, and Super Ego.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of Psychoanalytic Theory reflects the period between 1895 and 1899?

    <p>Trauma theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of anamnesis in Psychoanalytic methods?

    <p>Revealing origins of trauma and defense mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dream analysis is considered significant in Psychoanalysis because it:

    <p>Offers insight into wish fulfillment and unconscious desires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Psychoanalysis, emotional disturbances like anxiety arise from:

    <p>Conflicts between conscious awareness and the unconscious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The method of hypnosis in early Psychoanalysis was eventually abandoned because:

    <p>It did not align with Freud's later theories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is NOT associated with the Trauma theory phase of Psychoanalysis?

    <p>Hypnosis as a treatment method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does free association involve in psychoanalysis?

    <p>The patient expresses thoughts and images that come to mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following techniques is used to reveal mental conflict through verbal slips?

    <p>Freudian slips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of projective tests in psychoanalysis?

    <p>To uncover unconscious drives and conflicts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Freud's notable counterpart mentioned in the context of the Great Schism?

    <p>Carl Jung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event took place at Clark University in September 1909?

    <p>Freud delivered his Five Lectures upon Psychoanalysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivated Freud's acknowledgment of his work's acceptance in America?

    <p>Despair over his reception in Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the nature of Freud's perspective on psychoanalysis after its acceptance?

    <p>It was recognized as a practical and valuable part of reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'latent content' refer to in psychoanalysis?

    <p>The symbolic meaning underlying thoughts and feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of Watson's investigation into children's conditioning?

    <p>Responses to psychoanalysis' focus on early childhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did William Blatz reject in his theories of child development?

    <p>The concept of an unconscious mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method did Mary Ainsworth develop to assess child attachment?

    <p>The Strange Situation Procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the significant contributions of Ainsworth's work in Uganda?

    <p>Conducted mother-infant bonding observations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the Strange Situation Procedure?

    <p>A structured observational method for assessing attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of attachment did Ainsworth compare in her studies?

    <p>Disrupted mother-child bonds versus normal mother-child bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one factor that Ainsworth’s research aimed to understand in children’s development?

    <p>The independence derived from caregiver support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Karl Popper criticize about psychoanalysis?

    <p>It was unfalsifiable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept from Lewis Carroll's 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' is associated with the claim that all psychotherapies produce equivalent outcomes?

    <p>Dodo bird verdict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Karl Popper categorize psychoanalysis as a pseudoscience?

    <p>It could explain any behavior without prediction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Freud's perspective on the confirmability of his observations?

    <p>Very high and independent of experimental testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the statement 'Everybody has won, and all must have prizes' imply in the context of psychotherapy?

    <p>All therapies are equally effective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Popper, what is a key criterion for scientific theories?

    <p>Ability to predict and be tested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes the main concern with psychoanalytic theories according to critics?

    <p>Their inability to offer concrete predictions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main implication of Freud's letter to Saul Rosenzweig regarding experimental testing?

    <p>High certainty in observations is unnecessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychoanalysis

    • Psychoanalysis is a theory of personality and a method of treating psychological disorders
    • Focuses on the unconscious mind, which contains repressed desires, thoughts, and conflicts
    • Key figures like Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung were central to its development
    • Learning objectives for a course on psychoanalysis include understanding the historical context of its development, identifying key concepts of psychoanalysis, exploring the methods and techniques used in psychoanalysis, and discussing the impact and critiques of psychoanalysis.

    Session Information

    • Sessions take place on Mondays from 8:15 to 9:45, in the Chemie building, Grosser Hörsaal OC.
    • Various dates and topics for sessions are listed
    • Instructors and readings are also indicated for each session.

    Sigmund Freud

    • Born in 1856 in Přibor, Austria-Hungary (now Czech Republic)
    • Changed his name from Sigismund Schlomo to Sigmund
    • Studied medicine in Vienna
    • Received a doctorate in 1881
    • Conducted neuropathology research
    • Worked with Jean Martin Charcot in Paris (1885-1886)
    • Opened a private practice in Vienna in 1886
    • Worked with Josef Breuer, and together they published Studies on Hysteria in 1895
    • Published The Interpretation of Dreams in 1899
    • Became a professor at the University of Vienna in 1902
    • Traveled to the US (Clark University) in 1909
    • Developed the concepts of the id, ego, and superego
    • Developed theories on the unconscious mind, sexuality, libido, aggression, trauma and defense mechanisms
    • Emphasized the importance of early childhood experiences in shaping adult personality
    • Wrote the book Beyond the Pleasure Principle in 1920
    • Fled Nazi Germany in 1938 to settle in London, and passed away in 1939

    Carl Gustav Jung

    • Born in 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland
    • Studied medicine in Basel
    • Worked with Eugen Bleuler (1857-1939) at the Burghölzli hospital in Zürich (1900)
    • Became an assistant at the psychiatric hospital in Zürich
    • Began working with Sigmund Freud in 1907
    • Had a significant influence on the development of psychoanalysis
    • Received a doctorate in 1902
    • Worked at Clark University in 1909
    • Became a professor in Zurich in 1913
    • Wrote Psychological Types in 1921
    • Developed the concept of the collective unconscious

    Psychoanalysis: Methods (and critiques)

    • Psychoanalysis' core methods include anamnesis (patient biography), hypnosis, dream analysis, and free association.
    • Freud frequently used hypnosis in the beginning, but later shifted to free association
    • Projective tests, such as the Rorschach inkblots, are also used.
    • Critique: Psychoanalysis is considered unfalsifiable by some critics, meaning its theories are difficult to test and prove definitively wrong.
    • Some theorists like Popper argue that it's not scientific.
    • Some argue that psychoanalysis has little interest in systematic empiricism research.
    • Others highlight the difficulty in measuring or quantifying its elements.

    Psychoanalysis vs. Behaviorism

    • Behaviorism emerged as a reaction to psychoanalysis
    • Watson's investigation of children's conditioning can be seen as a response to psychoanalysis
    • Behaviorism focused on observable behavior, rejecting the unconscious.

    Psychoanalysis vs. Attachment Theory

    • Psychoanalysis emphasizes internal drives and internal conflicts to explain personality development.
    • Attachment theory focuses on the primary caregiving function and learning through early interactions
    • Psychoanalytic theorists may focus on individual desires
    • Attachment theorists may focus on the role of early relationships
    • Both focus on relationships, though psychoanalytic theory focuses more on drives, while attachment theory focuses more on bonds.

    Learning Objectives

    • Understanding the historical context of the development of psychoanalysis
    • Identifying key concepts and phases of Freudian psychoanalysis
    • Exploring methods and techniques used in psychoanalysis (e.g., dream interpretation, free association, projective tests)
    • Discussing the impact and critiques of psychoanalysis.

    Psychoanalysis Compared to Other Schools of Thought

    • Compare and contrast structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis.

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    History of Psychology - Session 4: Psychoanalysis PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamentals of psychoanalysis, focusing on its historical development and key figures like Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. Participants will learn about the unconscious mind, significant techniques, and the critiques surrounding psychoanalysis. Perfect for students aiming to understand the depths of psychological theory.

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