Psychoactive Drugs Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a psychoactive drug?

  • A natural pesticide
  • A chemical that changes our states of consciousness and perceptions (correct)
  • A type of stimulant
  • A type of depressant

Which of the following are the four primary classes of psychoactive drugs?

  • Opioids (correct)
  • Stimulants (correct)
  • Depressants (correct)
  • Hallucinogens (correct)

What is tolerance?

An increase in the dose required to produce the same effect.

What does dependence mean in relation to drug use?

<p>A need to use a drug or other substance regularly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is withdrawal?

<p>Negative experiences that accompany reducing or stopping drug use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the safety ratio?

<p>Calculated on the basis of the dose that is likely to be fatal divided by the normal dose needed to feel the effects of the drug.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are sleeping pills prescribed for?

<p>To create drowsiness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are benzodiazepines prescribed for?

<p>To create a state of relaxation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is addiction?

<p>The user powerfully craves the drug and seeks it out repeatedly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a stimulant?

<p>A psychoactive drug that blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is caffeine?

<p>A bitter psychoactive drug found in the beans, leaves, and fruits of plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is nicotine?

<p>A psychoactive drug found in the nightshade family of plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cocaine?

<p>An addictive drug obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is amphetamine?

<p>A stimulant that produces increased wakefulness and focus along with decreased fatigue and appetite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a depressant?

<p>A psychoactive drug that reduces the activity of the CNS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is alcohol?

<p>A colorless liquid produced by the fermentation of sugar or starch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are barbiturates?

<p>Depressants that are commonly prescribed as sleeping pills and painkillers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can you name some brand name barbiturates?

<p>Luminal (phenobarbital), Mebaraland, Nembutal, Seconal, Sombulex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of benzodiazepines?

<p>To treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can you name some brand names of benzodiazepines?

<p>Centrax, Dalmane, Doral, Halcion, Librium, ProSom, Restoril, Xanax, and Valium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are toxic inhalants?

<p>Recreational drugs that are inhaled to create a change in consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are opioids?

<p>Chemicals that increase activity in opioid receptor neurons, producing euphoria and analgesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms of opioid withdrawal?

<p>Diarrhea, insomnia, restlessness, irritability, and vomiting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is opium?

<p>The dried juice of the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are morphine and heroin?

<p>Stronger, more addictive drugs derived from opium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is codeine?

<p>A weaker analgesic and less addictive member of the opiate family.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are hallucinogens?

<p>Psychoactive drugs that alter sensation and perception and may create hallucinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cannabis (marijuana)?

<p>The most widely used hallucinogen used for recreational and medicinal purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is LSD?

<p>A psychedelic drug known for its psychological side effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is psilocybin?

<p>A naturally occurring compound found in several mushroom species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can you name some brand names of amphetamines?

<p>Adderall, Benzedrine, Dexedrine, and Vyvanse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychoactive Drugs Overview

  • Psychoactive drugs are chemicals that alter states of consciousness, perceptions, and moods.
  • Four primary classes include stimulants, depressants, opioids, and hallucinogens.

Key Concepts

  • Tolerance: This is the increased dosage needed to achieve the same psychoactive effects.
  • Dependence: A condition where an individual feels the need to use a substance regularly.
  • Withdrawal: Negative physical and psychological symptoms experienced when reducing or stopping drug use.

Safety and Usage

  • Safety Ratio: Calculated as the potentially fatal dose divided by the normal effective dose.
  • Sleeping Pills: Prescribed medications intended to induce drowsiness for sleep.
  • Benzodiazepines: These are prescribed for relaxation and treating anxiety, insomnia, and muscle spasms.

Addiction

  • Addiction is characterized by a strong craving for the drug, leading to compulsive seeking despite negative consequences.

Stimulants

  • Stimulants enhance alertness by blocking reuptake of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine.
  • Caffeine: A bitter stimulant found in various plants.
  • Nicotine: A stimulant from the nightshade family, acting as a natural pesticide.
  • Cocaine: An addictive stimulant derived from coca plant leaves.
  • Amphetamine: Increases wakefulness, focus, and decreases appetite and fatigue.
  • Brand names include Adderall, Benzedrine, Dexedrine, and Vyvanse.

Depressants

  • Depressants reduce CNS activity, leading to relaxation and drowsiness.
  • Alcohol: A widely used depressant made from fermented sugar or starch.
  • Barbiturates: Commonly prescribed as sleeping aids and painkillers; examples include Luminal and Seconal.

Opioids

  • Opioids interact with opioid receptors in the brain to produce euphoria, pain relief, and other effects.
  • Withdrawal symptoms can include diarrhea, insomnia, restlessness, irritability, and vomiting.
  • Opium: The dried sap from the opium poppy, from which many opioids are derived.
  • Stronger opioids include morphine and heroin, while codeine is a weaker and less addictive variant.

Hallucinogens

  • Hallucinogens alter sensory perceptions and can cause hallucinations.
  • Cannabis (Marijuana): The most commonly used hallucinogen for recreational and medicinal use.
  • LSD: A potent psychedelic known for significant alterations in thought processes and sensory experiences.
  • Psilocybin: A naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain mushrooms.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of psychoactive drugs, including their classifications such as stimulants, depressants, opioids, and hallucinogens. This quiz covers key concepts like tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal, as well as safety aspects and the nature of addiction. Test your knowledge and understanding of how these substances affect consciousness and behavior.

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