Psychiatric Nursing Principles Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which principle of care planning involves ensuring that interventions are supported by current research?

  • Realistic
  • Individualized
  • Evidence based (correct)
  • Safe

Tailoring interventions to meet a patient’s specific cultural, ethical, and personal needs is an example of what type of nursing intervention?

  • Individualized (correct)
  • Patient-centered
  • Feasible
  • Holistic

What is the primary focus when nursing interventions are described as 'safe'?

  • Minimizing risks and assessing for contraindications or potential side effects (correct)
  • Considering the availability of resources, time, and support
  • Addressing the physical, emotional, psychological, and social aspects of well-being
  • Engaging the patient in the planning process while considering their preferences

When a nurse considers available resources, time, and support when planning an intervention, they are ensuring the intervention is:

<p>Feasible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect involves incorporating the patient's values and preferences into the care plan?

<p>Patient-centered (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of information is a patient's description of their reason for seeking treatment considered in a psychiatric nursing assessment?

<p>Subjective data, specifically part of the history of present illness (HPI). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of a patient’s history is crucial for assessing potential harm to others?

<p>Homicidal risk assessment, noting any stated homicidal ideations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ‘insight’ refer to within the context of a psychiatric assessment?

<p>The patient's understanding of their own condition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered part of a patient’s psychiatric history?

<p>The age the patient first sought treatment for psychiatric symptoms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During an assessment, which of these would be categorized under subjective data related to thought content and perception?

<p>Statements regarding visual hallucinations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be categorized as social history?

<p>The patient's childhood and adult relationship history. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'judgment' assessment evaluate, in the context of a psychiatric assessment?

<p>The patient’s ability to solve issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient assessment, which area helps determine a potential risk of harm to the patient?

<p>The patient’s subjective statements on suicidal ideations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor suggests a need to simplify medical explanations during patient communication?

<p>A patient's limited formal education. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a healthcare provider adjust communication when dealing with an introverted patient?

<p>By allowing more time for them to share thoughts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider a patient's health condition when communicating?

<p>It can influence their ability to focus and process information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'group' in the context of therapeutic settings?

<p>An interconnected and independent set of individuals who come together for a shared purpose. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a healthcare provider modify their communication style for an older adult when compared to a younger adult?

<p>Ensure the communications is clear. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is providing the opportunity for patients to give feedback important?

<p>To help build rapport through active listening and understanding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a healthcare worker need to be aware of when communicating with patients regarding gender?

<p>Gender can influence communication preferences including comfort levels when discussing health issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of healthcare workers understanding a patient's previous interactions with the healthcare system?

<p>To understand the patient's expectations and build a relationship based on previous expereinces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of therapeutic communication?

<p>To promote a therapeutic relationship and facilitate understanding, healing, and support. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic technique involves fully concentrating on the speaker and understanding the message behind their words?

<p>Active listening (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse says to a patient, 'It sounds like you're feeling really overwhelmed; That must be difficult.' Which technique is she demonstrating?

<p>Empathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using open-ended questions in therapeutic communication?

<p>To encourage elaboration and discussion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of clarification as a therapeutic communication technique?

<p>To ensure accurate understanding of the patient's message. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves mirroring back what the patient has said to help them explore their thoughts and feelings further?

<p>Reflection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is silence sometimes a beneficial technique in therapeutic communication?

<p>It gives patients time to think, feel, or reflect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assisting a patient to prepare for the end of a relationship. According to the content, what action is the nurse taking?

<p>Reinforcing skills learned and planning for future challenges with the patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of therapeutic groups?

<p>They provide a setting where individuals can learn new ways of relating to others. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of group therapy?

<p>The potential for reduced individual participation time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Yalom's curative factors involves the sharing of optimism and improvements?

<p>Instillation of hope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In group therapy, what does 'universality' refer to?

<p>The realization that members are not alone in their experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'corrective recapitulation of the primary family group' mean in the context of group therapy?

<p>Imitating family dynamics and behavior patterns within the group. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies 'development of socializing techniques' in therapeutic groups?

<p>Learning new social skills through feedback and example. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of a therapeutic group with a shared purpose?

<p>An Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does 'altruism' function as a curative factor in group therapy?

<p>By having members make a positive impact on the lives of each other. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a family system with rigid boundaries, what is most likely to occur?

<p>Strict adherence to rules and roles, regardless of circumstance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most indicative of a 'diffuse' or 'enmeshed' family boundary?

<p>A blurring of roles, thoughts and feelings among family members. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 'distracting' within dysfunctional family communication?

<p>To disrupt conflict by introducing irrelevant information. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In family dynamics, what does 'triangulation' involve?

<p>Involving a third person in a dyadic conflict. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'differentiation' in the context of family systems refer to?

<p>The ability to form a distinct identity while remaining emotionally connected to the family. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of family therapy when high risk situations exist?

<p>It may increase the risk of emotional or physical harm to family members. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of 'placating' in a dysfunctional family dynamic?

<p>To appease or pacify to avoid conflict. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In family therapy, what is the role of the 'identified patient'?

<p>The family member who is often seen as the problem. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Subjective information

Information gathered directly from the patient about their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

History of Present Illness (HPI)

A detailed account of the patient's current mental health concerns, including their symptoms, onset, and impact on their life.

Insight

The patient's own understanding and awareness of their mental health condition.

Judgment

The patient's ability to think critically, make sound decisions, and solve problems.

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Psychiatric history

A comprehensive review of the patient's past mental health experiences, including diagnoses, treatments, and hospitalizations.

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Substance use history

Asking about the patient's use of various substances, including caffeine, nicotine, prescription medications, and illicit drugs.

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Social history

Understanding how the patient's social environment has shaped their development and relationships.

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Evidence-based care

Care plans should be based on the latest scientific knowledge, clinical guidelines, and best practices within the nursing profession.

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Individualized care

Interventions should be customized to meet the unique needs, preferences, and situation of each patient, taking into account their cultural, ethical, and personal factors.

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Safe interventions

Interventions must focus on keeping patients safe and minimizing risks. Looking for any potential side effects or conflicts with other treatments.

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Feasible care

Care plans must consider available resources, time, and support within the healthcare environment. Interventions should be practical and manageable.

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Holistic care

Care should address the patient's whole being, including their physical, emotional, psychological, and social well-being.

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Therapeutic Communication

A purposeful and professional interaction between a healthcare provider, especially a nurse or therapist, and a patient. It focuses on fostering a therapeutic relationship to enhance understanding, healing, and support for the patient.

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Active Listening

Paying full attention to the speaker, demonstrating interest and engagement. It involves understanding not just the words but the message behind them.

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Empathy

Expressing understanding and compassion for a patient's emotions and experiences. It helps validate their feelings and build trust.

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Open-Ended Questions

Asking questions that encourage detailed responses and exploration rather than simple yes or no answers.

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Clarification

Clearing up misunderstandings by asking questions or rephrasing statements to ensure accuracy. It helps make sure you're on the same page.

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Reflection

Reflecting back what the patient has said to help them explore their thoughts and feelings further. It encourages self-reflection.

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Silence

Allowing pauses in conversation to give patients time to think, feel, or reflect. It can be powerful for gathering thoughts.

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End of Relationship

The process of assisting a patient as the therapeutic relationship concludes. It involves reinforcing skills learned and planning for future challenges.

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Age and communication styles

The way we communicate varies based on age groups due to different needs and comprehension levels. Children need simpler explanations while older adults require clear communication.

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Gender and communication

Men and women may have different communication preferences and comfort levels, especially when discussing sensitive topics like health issues.

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Education and communication

A patient's education level impacts their understanding of medical information and their ability to participate in discussions about their health.

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Personality and communication

Personality traits, like being introverted or extroverted, affect how individuals express themselves and interact in conversations.

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Past experiences and communication

Past experiences with healthcare providers influence a patient's expectations and willingness to communicate openly.

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Health status and communication

Health status, especially acute or chronic conditions, can impact a patient's ability to concentrate and process information during communication.

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What is a group?

A group is a collection of individuals united by a shared purpose, where each member contributes to the collective goal.

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Interdependence within a group

Group members are interconnected and interdependent, meaning their actions influence each other and the group's overall success.

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Therapeutic group

A group of people who meet for personal development and psychological growth. These groups are led by a mental health professional and focus on shared goals, providing support, education, and skill development.

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Group therapy

A type of therapeutic group focused on addressing a specific mental health disorder. Examples include Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) groups for borderline personality disorder and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) for alcohol use disorder.

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Shared purpose

The reason behind the group's existence. This might be a shared mental health disorder, a specific life event, or a desire for personal growth.

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Advantages of group therapy

A group that benefits from the unique knowledge, insights, and experiences of both the leader and its members.

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Disadvantages of group therapy

Challenges that can arise in group therapy, including limited participation time, concerns about privacy, disruptive members, and potential for group pressure.

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Cohesiveness

A group where members share a sense of connection and belonging, feeling like they're part of a supportive community.

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Yalom's Curative Factors

A concept by Irvin Yalom highlighting several factors that contribute to the therapeutic benefits of group therapy.

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Instillation of hope

The group leader and members share optimism about the positive outcomes of group treatment, creating a hopeful atmosphere.

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Rigid family structure

A rigid, unyielding, and often stifling family structure where communication is restricted, and members are expected to conform to set rules and expectations.

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Groupthink mentality

The tendency for family members to prioritize conformity and group harmony over individual expression, often suppressing dissent or critical thinking.

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Manipulating behaviors

The use of indirect, often manipulative tactics to influence or control others, usually in an underhanded or unfair manner.

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Identified patient

A family member who is identified as the source of the family's problems, often used as a distraction from other, deeper issues.

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Family therapy concepts

An approach in family therapy where the focus is on the family system as a whole, rather than just individual members.

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Differentiation

The ability to develop a strong sense of self while maintaining healthy connections with family, avoiding excessive dependence or emotional entanglement.

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Rigid boundaries

Boundaries that are too rigid, creating a sense of isolation and preventing emotional closeness within the family.

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Triangulation

The act of bringing a third person into a conflict, usually to support one side against the other, creating a two-against-one dynamic.

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Study Notes

Psychiatric Nursing Care - Assessment

  • Subjective Information: What the patient states
    • History of Present Illness (HPI): Reason for seeking treatment
      • Voluntary or involuntary
      • Thought content and perception
      • Suicide risk assessment
      • Homicidal risk assessment
      • Suicidal/homicidal ideations
      • Hallucinations, delusions, illusions
      • Obsessions, ruminations
    • Insight: Understanding of one's own condition
    • Judgment: Problem-solving ability
    • Psychiatric History
      • Age of symptom onset
      • Age when treatment sought
      • Medical history
      • Psychiatric hospitalization history
      • Suicide attempt or self-harm history
      • Homicidal ideation history
      • Legal history
      • Trauma history
    • Substance use history
      • Caffeine
      • Nicotine
      • Controlled substances
      • Illicit substances
    • Social history
      • Developmental information
      • Relationship history
      • Children
      • Education
      • Occupation
      • Current living situation
      • Support systems
    • Medical history

Psychiatric Nursing Care - Assessment (continued)

  • Objective Information: What is observed or assessed.
    • Vital signs
    • Physical assessment
    • Diagnostic tests
      • Labs
      • Scans
    • Results of screening tools
    • Mental Status Exam (MSE)

Psychiatric Nursing Care- Diagnosis

  • Analyze assessment data to identify diagnoses, problems, and areas of care.
  • Diagnostic statement components:
    • Problem/potential problem
    • Probable cause (due to)
    • Supporting data (signs and symptoms)

Psychiatric Nursing Care- Outcomes Identification

  • Outcome criteria for maximal patient health.
  • Outcomes reflect a change (measurable, positive, directional, and specific).

Psychiatric Nursing Care - Planning

  • Strategies to achieve expected outcomes.
  • Principles for planning:
    • Safe
    • Compatible
    • Realistic
    • Individualized
    • Evidence-based
  • Nursing interventions
    • Supported by current research and best practices
    • Tailored to patient needs
    • Safe
    • Feasible
    • Holistic
    • Collaborative
  • Patient-centered

Psychiatric Nursing Care - Evaluation

  • Specificity
  • Measurability
  • Achievability
  • Timeliness
  • Documentation
  • Patient engagement
  • Comparison against standards

Therapeutic Relationships

  • Nurse-Patient relationship (Patient-Centered Care)
    • Dignity and respect
    • Information sharing
    • Patient/family participation
    • Collaboration in policy and program development.
  • Therapeutic use of self
    • Conscious use of personality, experiences, and insights as a therapeutic tool.
    • Emphasizing self-awareness, interpersonal skills for client growth and healing.
    • Enhancing effectiveness of treatment
    • Facilitating positive client outcomes.
  • Concepts of therapeutic use of self:
    • Self-awareness
    • Authenticity
    • Empathy
    • Boundary setting

Therapeutic Communication

  • Purposeful interaction between provider/client
  • Techniques:
    • Active listening
    • Empathy
    • Open-ended questions
    • Clarification
    • Reflection
    • Silence

Family Interventions

  • Family structure
    • Nuclear family
    • Single-parent family
    • Unmarried biological/adoptive family
    • Blended/stepfamily
    • Cohabitating family
    • Extended family

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