Psychiatric Disorders Quiz

Mental illnesses affecting a person's emotional state.

A mood disorder marked by persistent sadness and loss of interest.

A mood disorder characterized by extreme shifts in mood and energy.

Mental illnesses involving excessive fear and worry.

Chronic worry and anxiety about everyday things.

A chronic mental illness impacting thoughts, perceptions, and behaviour in individuals.

Strong genetic predisposition; increased risk with family history, particularly with a affected parent, up to 50% in both parents.

Prenatal factors contributing. Examples include maternal stress and infections.

A theory that suggests an imbalance in dopamine levels is a possible cause of schizophrenia symptoms.

Brain changes occur in schizophrenia, including ventricle enlargement and reduced gray matter; particularly in temporal and frontal lobes

Neurons transmit signals/impulses to other nerve cells.

When depolarization reaches -55mV, neuron fires an action potential.

Synapses are gaps between neurons; impulses transmit across them through chemical/electrical signals.

Action potential causes neurotransmitter release into the synaptic cleft from vesicles in a presynaptic neuron.

Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, triggering changes (e.g., opening ion channels).

Stimulates a neuron towards an action potential.

Reduces the probability of an action potential.

Changes in neural connections throughout life, including learning and recovery from damage.

Mood disorder featuring loss of interest, sleep problems, and fatigue.

A neurotransmitter involved in muscle movement, memory, learning, and autonomic functions.

Plays a role in reward, movement, and mood regulation.

Affects mood, sleep, and digestion.

Influences alertness, arousal, and mood.

Reduces anxiety and promotes relaxation.

A key excitatory neurotransmitter, important for learning and memory.

A chronic psychiatric disorder.

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses in the nervous system

Older type of antipsychotic medications used to treat psychosis, primarily targeting dopamine receptors.

Newer type of antipsychotics with a wider range of action, often targeting both dopamine and serotonin receptors.

Medications used to treat depression and other mood disorders by affecting neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine.

Medications used to manage mood swings in bipolar disorder, helping even out highs and lows.

A rare but serious condition that can occur in infants exposed to certain medications during pregnancy, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It can cause respiratory distress, fever, muscle rigidity, and feeding difficulties.