Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does a classic study give to the field of psychology?
What does a classic study give to the field of psychology?
- Promotes competition
- Generates media attention
- Identity and research agenda (correct)
- Increases funding for projects
Who proposed four reasons why studies become classics?
Who proposed four reasons why studies become classics?
- Ainsworth
- Watson and Skinner
- Devine and Brodish (correct)
- Harlow and Harlow
Big questions do not contribute to a study becoming a classic.
Big questions do not contribute to a study becoming a classic.
False (B)
What is one reason studies become classic?
What is one reason studies become classic?
What is one positive aspect of demanding methods?
What is one positive aspect of demanding methods?
What is one negative aspect of demanding methods?
What is one negative aspect of demanding methods?
What does it mean for a study to have a big impact?
What does it mean for a study to have a big impact?
What did Harlow and Harlow (1962) research?
What did Harlow and Harlow (1962) research?
______ psychologists such as Watson and Skinner believe parenting is based on reinforcement/punishment.
______ psychologists such as Watson and Skinner believe parenting is based on reinforcement/punishment.
Freud suggested that spoiling children is bad as they become dependent and develop _____________ .
Freud suggested that spoiling children is bad as they become dependent and develop _____________ .
In Harlow's experiment, how long did the infant rhesus monkey stay with the cloth surrogate?
In Harlow's experiment, how long did the infant rhesus monkey stay with the cloth surrogate?
In Harlow's experiment, who did the monkey run to when presented with the robot?
In Harlow's experiment, who did the monkey run to when presented with the robot?
Which condition of Harlow's experiment caused the infant rhesus monkey to show less distress?
Which condition of Harlow's experiment caused the infant rhesus monkey to show less distress?
Social deprivation in monkeys caused _______ __________ such as stereotyped behavior patterns.
Social deprivation in monkeys caused _______ __________ such as stereotyped behavior patterns.
What happened to the monkeys in Harlow's experiment after reaching maturity?
What happened to the monkeys in Harlow's experiment after reaching maturity?
Bringing the monkeys into ____ ______ for 20 minutes a day caused almost normal behavior.
Bringing the monkeys into ____ ______ for 20 minutes a day caused almost normal behavior.
Who showed that the person who feeds the child is not the strongest attachment?
Who showed that the person who feeds the child is not the strongest attachment?
What did Ainsworth develop after finding a lack of uniformity in infants' attachment behavior?
What did Ainsworth develop after finding a lack of uniformity in infants' attachment behavior?
What was Asch's study focused on?
What was Asch's study focused on?
Out of the 18 trials in Asch's study, how many were critical trials?
Out of the 18 trials in Asch's study, how many were critical trials?
What percentage of participants in Asch's study conformed at least once?
What percentage of participants in Asch's study conformed at least once?
What percentage of participants in Asch's study never conformed?
What percentage of participants in Asch's study never conformed?
What type of findings were gathered from the interview of participants in Asch's study?
What type of findings were gathered from the interview of participants in Asch's study?
What are the two types of reasons for people conforming according to Asch?
What are the two types of reasons for people conforming according to Asch?
Asch suggested that independence was related to what?
Asch suggested that independence was related to what?
In Asch's study, why did participants conform according to yielding?
In Asch's study, why did participants conform according to yielding?
Distortion of perception refers to when people know the right answer but conform.
Distortion of perception refers to when people know the right answer but conform.
What is distortion of judgement?
What is distortion of judgement?
What is distortion of action in Asch's study?
What is distortion of action in Asch's study?
What did Asch's variation investigate regarding the quality of the task?
What did Asch's variation investigate regarding the quality of the task?
What did the quality of group opposition variation explore?
What did the quality of group opposition variation explore?
Study Notes
Classic Studies in Psychology
- Classic studies shape the identity of psychology, often establishing influential research agendas.
- Four reasons why studies become classic, proposed by Devine and Brodish (2003).
Reasons for Classic Studies
- Big Questions: Classic studies tackle fundamental issues of human behavior, often linked to significant phenomena.
- Challenging Findings: Classic studies present counter-intuitive findings that confront existing beliefs and assumptions.
- Demanding Methods: Classic studies inspire new research methodologies that require high levels of participation and researcher effort.
- Big Impact: Classic studies generate extensive follow-up research, influencing further studies in the field.
Harlow and Harlow (1962)
- Conducted research with infant monkeys to investigate attachment and the effects of deprivation.
- Conditions in the study included how long the infant monkey stayed with a cloth surrogate and its preferences during stress tests.
- Findings indicated that social deprivation led to abnormal behaviors in monkeys, prompting changes in their behavior through group interactions.
Attachment Theories
- Shaffer and Emerson (1964): Established that the individual providing nourishment is not necessarily the main attachment figure, emphasizing the potential for multiple attachments.
- Ainsworth developed the "Strange Situation" experiment identifying three types of attachments based on the variability in infants' attachment behaviors.
Asch (1955) and Conformity
- Conducted a study on conformity using a line-judging task, focusing on how group pressure impacts individual responses.
- Critical trials in Asch's study were 12 out of 18, with 75% of participants conforming at least once.
- 25% of participants never conformed, highlighting differences in conformity levels.
- Interviews revealed qualitative findings showing participants’ self-doubt and confusion.
Reasons for Conformity
- Independence and Yielding: Asch identified these as primary reasons for conformity, where independence correlates with confidence.
- Types of distortion in conformity:
- Distortion of perception: Believing that the group's wrong answers are correct.
- Distortion of judgment: Knowing the right answer but choosing to believe the group.
- Distortion of action: Knowing the correct answer but conforming to fit in.
Asch Variations
- Investigated the impact of task difficulty on conformity, finding minimal influence when error sizes varied widely.
- Explored the quality of group opposition, focusing on the effects of majority size and consensus on individual conformity outcomes.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts related to classic studies in psychology, including their significance and criteria for becoming classics. It will cover fundamental questions of human behavior and contributions by researchers like Devine and Brodish. Test your knowledge of classical studies and their impact on the field of psychology.
