Psicologia Generale: Metodi e Approcci

<p>Inibire risposte automatiche. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eseguire una sequenza di numeri casuali. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>La vista della persona che conosce le risposte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deve organizzare le informazioni in modo significativo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Le spiegazioni più semplici sono preferibili (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Riduce la possibilità di dare risposte giuste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hans risponde correttamente sempre (A), Hans utilizza l'intelligenza per rispondere (C), Hans conosce la matematica (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Il comportamento e i processi mentali (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Servire come previsioni da mettere alla prova (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Le teorie aiutano a spiegare i fatti e fare previsioni (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vicinanza (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effetto della superiorità della configurazione (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colore (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influenza le aspettative e la percezione finale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ambigue e bistabili (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aspettative soggettive e conoscenza a priori (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contrastare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tendiamo a organizzare gli stimoli in figura e sfondo. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trasduzione (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coni (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diminuzione della sensibilità a uno stimolo costante (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lunghezze d'onda comprese tra 400 e 700 nm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>La presenza di recettori specializzati (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Curvare la luce e permetterle di passare attraverso la pupilla (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cellule gangliari (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visione in condizioni di scarsa luminosità (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regola la consapevolezza degli stimoli visivi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ridotta capacità di esplorare l'emisfero controlaterale alla lesione (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Test di cancellazione delle linee di Albert (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatica a percepire la parte sinistra dello stimolo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lo stimolo controlaterale alla lesione viene trascurato (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Un deficit spaziale più evidente in situazioni di competizione (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gustativo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Faticano a riportare la parte sinistra dell'oggetto (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Studia i processi mentali e le azioni direttamente osservabili. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>La descrizione dei contenuti mentali degli individui. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ritiene che l'introspezione sia troppo soggettiva. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solo il comportamento osservabile può essere studiato scientificamente. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Il metodo sperimentale basato sull'introspezione. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>La suddivisione dei processi mentali in componenti elementari. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analizzando le distribuzioni gaussiane tra le persone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gli stati interiori non sono importanti per la psicologia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes.

Internal states and processes that can't be directly observed and need to be inferred from observable behaviours.

A method of observing and recording one's own mental processes.

A perspective that emphasizes observable behaviors, rejecting introspection.

Identifying general laws governing cognitive processes commonly shared by people.

Establishing experimental methods in psychology and outlining its rigorous principles.

A systematic approach to research in psychology.

Mental activities such as sensation, perception, memory, language, and attention.

Systematic observations of Hans, the horse, that revealed the horse's seemingly intelligent actions were actually responding to unconscious cues from those asking questions.

Subtle, and often unnoticed, changes in body language, posture, or expression that reveal the answer or lack thereof.

Hans's responses to questions were affected by the presence of those in the know, and the subtle changes of body language.

Conclusion from Pfungst's Experiments that Hans the horse did not understand math but responded to external cues

Features that aid the understanding of theories - such as organization, testability, support, and simplicity

A set of statements explaining facts, used to make predictions about events.

An observation that can be verified by repeated observation

A testable prediction about how events are related.

Specialized structures that respond to specific physical stimuli.

Neurons that transmit signals from receptors to the central nervous system.

The process of converting physical signals from the environment into neural signals sent to the central nervous system.

Decreased sensitivity to a constant stimulus.

Photoreceptors that are most sensitive in low light conditions and are responsible for black and white vision.

Photoreceptors that are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light.

A small area in the center of the retina with the highest concentration of cones.

The range of electromagnetic energy that the human eye can detect (400-700 nm), corresponding to different colors.

Rules that govern how we group visual elements together.

Objects close together are perceived as a group.

Similar objects are grouped together.

Our mind fills in gaps to create complete shapes.

Organizing visual information into a figure (object) and ground (background).

Visual properties (like convexity, symmetry, size, surroundings), that help us discern between figure and ground.

Our expectations and prior knowledge influence our perception.

Process of drawing conclusions about the world based on sensory information and knowledge.

Verbally repeating information to keep it in short-term memory.

Memory is worse when words sound alike.

Higher-level cognitive processes like decision-making, task switching and attention.

Mental representations of how words sound.

The system that temporarily holds information while it's being processed.It has two components, one for temporary storage and the other for processing.

Reduced tendency or inability to explore the space opposite to the brain lesion. Affects visual, auditory, tactile, and other senses.

Patients struggle to draw or copy the left side of objects, even spontaneously drawn objects.

Patients with neglect miss left-sided lines when asked to mark visible lines.

The ability to perceive single stimuli, but when paired stimuli are presented, the controlateral stimulus is unnoticed, especially if identical.

The loss of perception of a controlateral stimulus when presented concurrently with a stimulated stimulus.

Difficulty attending to the left side of a stimulus when the position is relative to the body.

Difficulty attending to the left side of an object, regardless of its position relative to the body.

Right hemisphere plays a critical role in attentional functions