39 Questions
What is the second commonest cause of death in children?
Non-Accidental Injury
What is the most common cause of femur fractures in the nonambulatory infant?
Non-Accidental Trauma
Which injury pattern is NOT a red flag for Non-Accidental Injury?
Stable ankle mortise
Which type of fracture is commonly associated with an avulsion fracture of the base of the 5th metatarsal?
Lisfranc Injury
What is a significant aspect determining the stability of ankle mortise?
Intra-articular disruption
What is the most common site for fractures in the elderly with osteoporosis due to minimal trauma?
Pelvic ramus
What is the 30-day mortality rate for neck of femur fractures in the UK?
6.5%
Which fracture is often a result of a direct blow onto the knee and may be treated with open reduction and internal fixation?
Patella fracture
In lower limb trauma, what carries a higher risk of neck of femur (NOF) fracture?
Dementia
What is the main goal in managing pelvic fractures in young people associated with high velocity trauma?
Stopping hemorrhage by stabilizing the pelvis
Which type of fracture is characterized by bending and incomplete breakage of the bone, often seen in children due to their bone flexibility?
Greenstick fracture
In paediatric fractures, what component of bones is larger compared to adults, making them susceptible to a different injury pattern?
Cartilaginous component
Which type of fracture involves an incomplete break across the bone shaft, typically seen in children due to their more pliable bones?
Greenstick fracture
What is the most common type of fracture in children, characterized by a bulging of the outer surface of the bone without a complete break?
Torus fracture
In paediatric fractures, at what time period after injury does remodelling or worsening of deformity due to growth occur?
6 weeks after injury
Which type of fracture is characterized by a disruption in the continuity of the bone and is often seen in children?
Avulsion
In which type of fracture is there a skin breach, and the extent of the wound determines the severity?
Open fracture
What is the term used to describe a fracture with more than two pieces of bone?
Comminuted fracture
What is the term for a fracture that involves both bone fracture and joint dislocation?
Fracture dislocation
In the context of fracture management, what is the term for the application of Plaster of Paris or a removable splint?
Conservative treatment
What is the prognosis if Osteogenesis Imperfecta Non-Accidental Injury is left unreported?
5-10% chance of repeat abuse
In the context of Compartment Syndrome, what are the most commonly affected areas?
Leg, forearm, hand, thigh, buttock, and foot
What is the main type of Compartment Syndrome that occurs most commonly after trauma?
Acute Compartment Syndrome
What is the primary cause of Compartment Syndrome?
Fractures, gunshot wounds, crush injury
Which symptom is characteristic of Compartment Syndrome?
PAIN out of proportion to injury
What is the third most common fracture in patients over 65 years of age?
Proximal humerus fractures
Which type of fixation offers increased proximal stability for proximal humerus fractures?
Proximal humeral nail
What is the mechanism of injury for fractures of the humeral shaft?
All of the above
Which type of fracture is typically treated with hemiarthroplasty?
Surgical neck fracture
What is commonly used for fixation of 3–4 part proximal humerus fractures?
Proximal humeral locking plate 3.5
What is the rate of union with good functional restoration and minimal angular deformity for humeral fractures treated nonsurgically?
98%
In humeral fractures, which type of fractures are most commonly associated with neuropraxia?
Transverse fractures of the middle 1/3
What is the percentage of reported cases where spontaneous recovery of nerve function is found in spiral fractures of the distal 1/3?
70%
What is the recommended treatment for unstable forearm fractures and open forearm fractures?
ORIF with Plates
In distal radius fractures, what is the preferred method of treatment?
Casting
What is the primary goal in the treatment of elbow fractures?
Anatomic articular reduction
Which type of fractures necessitate stable internal fixation of the articular surface and segment to the metaphysis and diaphysis in the distal humerus?
Comminuted fractures
What kind of plate is recommended for fixation in forearm fractures?
Dorsal plate
Which type of fracture would necessitate early range of motion of the elbow in treatment?
Elbow Fractures
This quiz covers the characteristics of proximal humerus fractures and the treatment options available. It discusses the prevalence of such fractures in patients over 65 years old, different treatment considerations, and the fixation options such as hemiarthroplasty, nails, and plates.
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