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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mode of transmission for Amoebiasis?
What is the primary mode of transmission for Amoebiasis?
- Bites from infected mosquitoes
- Direct contact with infected individuals
- Inhalation of contaminated air
- Contaminated food and water, Flies (correct)
Which symptom is NOT associated with Malaria?
Which symptom is NOT associated with Malaria?
- High fever
- Profuse sweating
- Loose stool with mucus (correct)
- Chill
What is a key preventive measure against Malaria?
What is a key preventive measure against Malaria?
- Controlling mosquito populations (correct)
- Using clean and boiled water
- Proper disposal of faeces
- Regular hand washing
What parasite is responsible for Malaria?
What parasite is responsible for Malaria?
What treatment is commonly used for Amoebiasis?
What treatment is commonly used for Amoebiasis?
What is a common symptom of both the common cold and influenza?
What is a common symptom of both the common cold and influenza?
Which statement about the prevention and cure of viral infections is true?
Which statement about the prevention and cure of viral infections is true?
How does amoebiasis primarily spread?
How does amoebiasis primarily spread?
Which is a symptom specific to influenza but not to the common cold?
Which is a symptom specific to influenza but not to the common cold?
What type of organism causes amoebiasis?
What type of organism causes amoebiasis?
What is the primary method of transmission for Typhoid?
What is the primary method of transmission for Typhoid?
Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned for the treatment of Pneumonia?
Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned for the treatment of Pneumonia?
What symptom is commonly associated with Tuberculosis?
What symptom is commonly associated with Tuberculosis?
Which of the following is a prevention method for Typhoid?
Which of the following is a prevention method for Typhoid?
Which group is most commonly affected by Pneumonia according to the symptoms described?
Which group is most commonly affected by Pneumonia according to the symptoms described?
What does the World Health Organization define health as?
What does the World Health Organization define health as?
Which of the following is not listed as a characteristic of a healthy person?
Which of the following is not listed as a characteristic of a healthy person?
Which component is not part of maintaining good health?
Which component is not part of maintaining good health?
What type of foods are included in the 'Fat-rich foods' category?
What type of foods are included in the 'Fat-rich foods' category?
Which is a recommended way to achieve good health?
Which is a recommended way to achieve good health?
Which practice contributes to maintaining good health?
Which practice contributes to maintaining good health?
What is the primary purpose of vaccines like BCG and OPV?
What is the primary purpose of vaccines like BCG and OPV?
Which of the following is NOT a type of noncommunicable disease?
Which of the following is NOT a type of noncommunicable disease?
Which behavior is recommended for maintaining good health?
Which behavior is recommended for maintaining good health?
What is a common misconception about noncommunicable diseases?
What is a common misconception about noncommunicable diseases?
What is the primary difference between communicable and noncommunicable diseases?
What is the primary difference between communicable and noncommunicable diseases?
Which of the following is classified as a communicable disease?
Which of the following is classified as a communicable disease?
What term refers to organisms that transmit pathogens to humans?
What term refers to organisms that transmit pathogens to humans?
Which noncommunicable disease is primarily caused by nutritional deficiency?
Which noncommunicable disease is primarily caused by nutritional deficiency?
What characteristic do noncommunicable diseases not share with communicable diseases?
What characteristic do noncommunicable diseases not share with communicable diseases?
Which of the following is not a pathogen that causes communicable diseases?
Which of the following is not a pathogen that causes communicable diseases?
Which disease is specifically known to be spread by a vector?
Which disease is specifically known to be spread by a vector?
What do we call the microorganisms that cause diseases?
What do we call the microorganisms that cause diseases?
What is the primary characteristic of Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)?
What is the primary characteristic of Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)?
Which deficiency disease is specifically caused by a lack of iodine?
Which deficiency disease is specifically caused by a lack of iodine?
Which mineral is essential for the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells?
Which mineral is essential for the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells?
What are the main symptoms of kwashiorkor?
What are the main symptoms of kwashiorkor?
Which deficiency disease results from the lack of potassium?
Which deficiency disease results from the lack of potassium?
Which vitamin deficiency leads to night blindness?
Which vitamin deficiency leads to night blindness?
Which disease is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C?
Which disease is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C?
What is a symptom of Beri-beri?
What is a symptom of Beri-beri?
Which vitamin is primarily associated with Rickets in children?
Which vitamin is primarily associated with Rickets in children?
What are symptoms of Scurvy?
What are symptoms of Scurvy?
What is the primary cause of diabetes mellitus?
What is the primary cause of diabetes mellitus?
Which condition results from the narrowing of the coronary artery due to cholesterol deposition?
Which condition results from the narrowing of the coronary artery due to cholesterol deposition?
What is a common treatment method for cancer?
What is a common treatment method for cancer?
Which type of arthritis typically occurs in older age?
Which type of arthritis typically occurs in older age?
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the risk of developing cancer?
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the risk of developing cancer?
Which of the following diseases is transmitted through contaminated air?
Which of the following diseases is transmitted through contaminated air?
What is a common mode of transmission for food-borne diseases?
What is a common mode of transmission for food-borne diseases?
Which method can effectively prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases?
Which method can effectively prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases?
Which of the following agents of transmission is linked to rabies?
Which of the following agents of transmission is linked to rabies?
What disease is NOT typically transmitted by contaminated water?
What disease is NOT typically transmitted by contaminated water?
Which of the following is a preventative measure for communicable diseases?
Which of the following is a preventative measure for communicable diseases?
Which disease is primarily associated with direct contact transmission?
Which disease is primarily associated with direct contact transmission?
How can unhygienic habits contribute to the spread of diseases?
How can unhygienic habits contribute to the spread of diseases?
Study Notes
Protozoan Diseases
- Amoebiasis: Caused by Entamoeba histolytica, leading to diarrhea with blood and mucus. Transmitted through contaminated food, water, and flies.
- Malaria: Caused by Plasmodium species, transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms include chills, high fever, and sweating; treated with chloroquine and mosquito control.
Bacterial Diseases
- Pneumonia: Affects lungs, more common in children and the elderly; high fever. Spread through air and sputum, treated with antibiotics like penicillin.
- Tuberculosis (TB): Primarily affects lungs; marked by coughing and phlegm. Transmitted through air, droplets, and treated with BCG vaccination and antibiotics like streptomycin.
- Typhoid: Caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water, leading to intestinal fever with reddish eruptions. Prevention through sanitation, boiled water, and vaccination.
Viral Diseases
- Common Cold: Resulting from droplet infection, causing nasal discharge, headache, and mild fever. No medication required; prevention includes avoiding contact with affected individuals.
- Influenza: Similar transmission as common cold with more severe symptoms including body pain and chills. Rest is recommended; no specific medication for viral infections.
Health Definition
- According to WHO, health encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.
Maintaining Good Health
- Balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management are essential for good health.
Components of a Balanced Diet
- Fat-rich: Includes butter, oils, nuts.
- Vitamin and mineral-rich: Includes leafy vegetables and fruits.
- Protein-rich: Includes meat, fish, and dairy.
- Carbohydrate-rich: Includes bread, rice, and potatoes.
Diseases Overview
- A disease represents abnormal organ functioning, and can be communicable (spreadable) or noncommunicable (not spreadable).
Communicable vs. Noncommunicable Diseases
- Communicable Diseases: Spread through pathogens including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and worms (e.g., smallpox, tuberculosis).
- Noncommunicable Diseases: Do not spread from person to person; caused by various factors like nutrition and genetics (e.g., cancer, heart disease).
Types of Noncommunicable Diseases
- Includes nutritional deficiency diseases, genetic disorders, allergies, degenerative diseases, and cancers.
Modes of Transmission of Communicable Diseases
- Transmitted via direct contact, contaminated air, food, water, vectors, and unhygienic practices.
Preventing Communicable Diseases
- Avoid spoiled food, maintain cleanliness, use disinfectants, and avoid direct contact with infected individuals.
Nutritional Deficiency Diseases
- Result from malnutrition; categorized into:
- Protein Malnutrition: Causes conditions like kwashiorkor and marasmus.
- Mineral Deficiency: Associated with deficiencies in calcium, iron, iodine leading to diseases like rickets and anemia.
- Vitamin Deficiency: Results in diseases like night blindness (Vitamin A) and scurvy (Vitamin C).
Degenerative Diseases
- Caused by the malfunctioning of organs, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and arthritis.
Cancer
- Represents uncontrolled cell division forming tumors; linked to factors like radiation exposure and certain lifestyle habits. Treatment includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery.
Vaccination for Communicable Diseases
- BCG: For tuberculosis
- DPT: For diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
- OPV: For polio
- MMR: For measles, mumps, rubella
- TT: For tetanus
These study notes cover the key aspects of protozoan, bacterial, and viral diseases, as well as health maintenance and disease prevention strategies.
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Description
Test your knowledge on common protozoan diseases, their modes of transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures. This quiz will help you understand important aspects related to these diseases and their impact on health.
