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Questions and Answers
What is the normal range of Prothrombin Time (PT) and what does a prolonged PT indicate?
What is the normal range of Prothrombin Time (PT) and what does a prolonged PT indicate?
- Normal PT range is 12 to 16 seconds and a prolonged PT indicates an excess of coagulation factors.
- Normal PT range is 12 to 16 seconds and a prolonged PT indicates a deficiency in coagulation factors. (correct)
- Normal PT range is 9 to 13 seconds and a prolonged PT indicates a deficiency in coagulation factors.
- Normal PT range is 9 to 13 seconds and a prolonged PT indicates an excess of coagulation factors.
What is the International Normalised Ratio (INR) and what does a high INR indicate?
What is the International Normalised Ratio (INR) and what does a high INR indicate?
- INR measures the ratio of a patient's PT to standardised 'normal' PT and a high INR indicates high risk of clotting. (correct)
- INR measures the ratio of a patient's PT to standardised 'normal' PT and a high INR indicates high risk of bleeding.
- INR measures the ratio of a patient's PT to standardised 'abnormal' PT and a high INR indicates high risk of bleeding.
- INR measures the ratio of a patient's PT to standardised 'abnormal' PT and a high INR indicates high risk of clotting.
What is the D-dimer test and what does a negative result indicate?
What is the D-dimer test and what does a negative result indicate?
- D-dimer test measures the levels of the fibrin protein in blood clots and a negative result rules out thrombosis.
- D-dimer test measures the levels of the D-dimer protein in blood clots and a negative result indicates thrombosis.
- D-dimer test measures the levels of the D-dimer protein in blood clots and a negative result rules out thrombosis. (correct)
- D-dimer test measures the levels of the fibrin protein in blood clots and a negative result indicates thrombosis.
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Study Notes
Coagulation Tests
- Prothrombin Time (PT): Normal range is 11-13.5 seconds (varies between labs)
- Prolonged PT (>13.5 seconds) indicates:
- Liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis, hepatitis)
- Vitamin K deficiency
- Warfarin therapy (blood thinner)
- Blood clotting disorders (e.g., hemophilia)
International Normalised Ratio (INR)
- INR: Standardized ratio of PT to a normal PT value
- High INR (>1.1) indicates:
- Warfarin therapy (blood thinner)
- Liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis, hepatitis)
- Vitamin K deficiency
Fibrinolysis Test
- D-dimer test: Measures breakdown products of blood clots
- Negative D-dimer result indicates:
- No blood clotting or fibrinolysis (e.g., no DVT, PE, or AF)
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