Microorganisms Lecture Week 3
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes Proteobacteria from other bacteria?

  • Facultative anaerobes
  • Outer membrane (correct)
  • Pathogenicity
  • Nitrate reduction abilities

Which type of Proteobacteria is associated with animal hosts within their intestinal tract?

  • Alpha-proteobacteria
  • Beta-proteobacteria
  • Delta-proteobacteria
  • Gamma-proteobacteria (correct)

What distinguishes MacConkey Medium from other growth media?

  • Ammonia production detection
  • Acidifying triggers pH indicator (correct)
  • Salt concentration measurement
  • Oxygen level indicator

Which bacteria is commonly used as an indicator organism to assess water contamination?

<p>Escherichia coli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Heterocysts' are associated with which type of bacteria?

<p>Cyanobacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Rhizobia in symbiosis with legumes?

<p>Fix nitrogen for the plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Nitrifiers' are particularly known for their ability to convert:

<p>NH3- to NO2- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Bacteroids' found in plant nodules fix nitrogen primarily by:

<p>$N_2$ fixation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Nitrogenase', the nitrogen-fixing enzyme complex, is primarily deactivated by:

<p>$O_2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Denitrification' is a process that converts nitrite ($NO_2^-$) into:

<p>$N_2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of gas vesicles in cyanobacteria?

<p>To help in vertical movement in the water column (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of heterocysts in cyanobacteria?

<p>To fix nitrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes spirochetes in terms of cell structure?

<p>Helical protoplasmic cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do spirochetes achieve locomotion?

<p>By flagellar rotation to counter-rotate the protoplasmic cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are Aquificae and Thermotogae bacteria commonly found?

<p>Geothermal pools and smoldering coal-mine waste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the photosynthetic systems based on chlorophyll (Chl) versus bacteriochlorophyll (BChl)?

<p>The absorption spectra of the pigments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria is characterized by utilizing H2S as a typical external electron donor in their photosynthetic process?

<p>Green sulfur bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of accessory pigments like carotenoids in photosynthetic bacteria?

<p>Extending the absorption spectrum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which photosynthetic bacteria group do you find the main chlorophyll being bacteriochlorophyll and the main accessory pigment as carotenoids?

<p>Purple bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant event approximately 2.6 billion years ago related to the evolution of photosynthesis?

<p>Oxygen began to accumulate due to photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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