Microorganisms Lecture Week 3
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes Proteobacteria from other bacteria?

  • Facultative anaerobes
  • Outer membrane (correct)
  • Pathogenicity
  • Nitrate reduction abilities
  • Which type of Proteobacteria is associated with animal hosts within their intestinal tract?

  • Alpha-proteobacteria
  • Beta-proteobacteria
  • Delta-proteobacteria
  • Gamma-proteobacteria (correct)
  • What distinguishes MacConkey Medium from other growth media?

  • Ammonia production detection
  • Acidifying triggers pH indicator (correct)
  • Salt concentration measurement
  • Oxygen level indicator
  • Which bacteria is commonly used as an indicator organism to assess water contamination?

    <p>Escherichia coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Heterocysts' are associated with which type of bacteria?

    <p>Cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Rhizobia in symbiosis with legumes?

    <p>Fix nitrogen for the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Nitrifiers' are particularly known for their ability to convert:

    <p>NH3- to NO2-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bacteroids' found in plant nodules fix nitrogen primarily by:

    <p>$N_2$ fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Nitrogenase', the nitrogen-fixing enzyme complex, is primarily deactivated by:

    <p>$O_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Denitrification' is a process that converts nitrite ($NO_2^-$) into:

    <p>$N_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of gas vesicles in cyanobacteria?

    <p>To help in vertical movement in the water column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of heterocysts in cyanobacteria?

    <p>To fix nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes spirochetes in terms of cell structure?

    <p>Helical protoplasmic cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do spirochetes achieve locomotion?

    <p>By flagellar rotation to counter-rotate the protoplasmic cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are Aquificae and Thermotogae bacteria commonly found?

    <p>Geothermal pools and smoldering coal-mine waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the photosynthetic systems based on chlorophyll (Chl) versus bacteriochlorophyll (BChl)?

    <p>The absorption spectra of the pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria is characterized by utilizing H2S as a typical external electron donor in their photosynthetic process?

    <p>Green sulfur bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of accessory pigments like carotenoids in photosynthetic bacteria?

    <p>Extending the absorption spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which photosynthetic bacteria group do you find the main chlorophyll being bacteriochlorophyll and the main accessory pigment as carotenoids?

    <p>Purple bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant event approximately 2.6 billion years ago related to the evolution of photosynthesis?

    <p>Oxygen began to accumulate due to photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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